In recent years. With the adjustment of the aquaculture industry structure in our district, the breeding community that represents the development model of the modern pig industry has begun to emerge. The emergence of pig raising communities has represented the development direction of the modern pig industry to some extent, and its scale advantages and management advantages have begun to emerge. As far as the current status quo of pig-raising communities in our district is concerned, the status quo is worrying. From March to May 2007, the author combined spring animal epidemic prevention injections and conducted detailed visit surveys on 9 pig-raising communities and 31 pig-raising households in the region, and mastered the breeding scale and operating status of the pig-raising district in our district. The operation management mode is introduced as follows and some countermeasures are proposed for reference. 1.1 The number is small. There are 5,985 live pig breeding households in Sanlingling District, and there are less than 5 live pigs in Huping County. There are 9 pig farms in our district. They are distributed in the post of the post (1), Nanjindu (2), and Fujia. Bridge (2), Huangtianpu (1), Qilidian (2), Zhushan (1) 5 township offices. 1.2 Farming Scale There are 31 pig farmers in 9 pig-raising districts of the Xiaoyi District. Currently, there are 1 356 sow households. In 2006, a total of 32 747 live pigs were produced, 21 832 live pigs were released, and the largest farm area was 2006. At the end of the year, 161 sows were kept on hand, and 2 672 live pigs were bred throughout the year. There were 4 farmers, the smallest breeding area had 75 sows, and 3 farmers. In 2006, more than 300 live pigs were slaughtered. 1.3 Loose Management within the Community Most of the pig-raising districts in our district are self-assembled and shaped. The poor binding force among each other, loose management, and the fact that farmers in the plot, each processing fodder, introducing pigs individually and selling pigs separately are very common. With -/l, the number of sows in the area is 121, and there are 4 households with pigs. Each has its own feed processing unit, each with a different brand of feed. There are no mutual restrictions between each other. 1.4 The livestock owners in the pig-raising district have low professional education, are older, and accept new ideas. Most of the 31 livestock owners in 9 farming communities in the district have not received professional education and the education level is relatively low, including junior high school culture. There are 9 people in the degree, 28 in senior high school, and only 4 in secondary or secondary school. Most of them are between the ages of 35 and 50. The average age is 43 years old. They have stubborn thoughts and are slow to accept new knowledge and concepts. Yongzhou 4250061 Article ID: 1006-4907(2008)03-0033—03 1-5 The production level of live pigs in the district is low The average feed-to-feed ratio of pigs in 15 pigs and 100 kg of pigs in the 9 pig-raising districts in our district is 3.2:1. Nursery mortality rate reached 7.3%, fattening pig mortality rate was 4.8%, nursing piglet mortality rate was 11.1%, annual sow feeding amount was 21. 5, number of slaughter pigs was 16 In 8 heads, the elimination rate of sows reached 34.5%. The ratio of feed to meat for finishing pigs in the best production area is 2.9:1, the number of sows in the sow is 23I2, the number of pigs is 18.2, piglet mortality is 7.5%, and pig mortality For 1.7%; the worst breeding area sows provided 18.5 pigs per year, the finishing pigs had 14:1, the piglet mortality rate was 16.2%, and the fattening pig mortality rate was 6.7%; The worst-producing farmer sow had only 13.8 product large pigs. 2 problems 2.1 The location of the vast majority of pig-raising plots is unreasonable The site selection of pig farms is an important prerequisite for the prevention of epidemic diseases. Pig farms should be far away from the slaughterhouses, live pig processing sites, farmers' markets, residential areas, and traffic arteries. There are sufficient Water source. Most of the pig breeding areas in our district have been improved from old pig farms and abandoned factory buildings. Less than the above mentioned conditions, there are 5 pig breeding areas less than 500 meters away from the national road, and 2 less than 2 kilometers away from the urban area. There are 8 The community is built in the terrain, topography, cold and warm, summer cooling does not have the place to establish aquaculture conditions. The Nanjindu-a pig-raising community is also built near a residential area. The terrain is low, and the column houses are inconvenient due to dampness and sewage, which is very unfavorable to the epidemic prevention work. 22 Site planning and layout of buildings Unscientifically, the overall planning and layout of aquaculture communities should be considered in terms of benefits to production and convenience of living. The arrangement of each building in the site should be combined with natural conditions such as topography, topography, water sources, and local main wind direction. Comprehensive consideration of the near-term planning of the farm. In general, the entire community is separated from the production area, living area and isolation area. The production area is separated from the living area. The production area distributes pregnant sow area, tiller area, nursery area and fattening area. Most of the pig-raising districts in our district have been converted from old pig farms and abandoned factory buildings. There is no separation between production and living areas, no isolation areas, and no distinction is made between breeding sow houses, branching houses, nursery houses, and finishing pig houses. Only one pig farm in the district has implemented the separation of the production area and the living area. Breeding pigs, nursery pigs, and finishing pigs are kept separately. There is no - one cell designed according to the direction of the main wind direction, and no cell has a separate area, harmless treatment measures. Only four communities have disinfection chambers that enter the production area. The design of pig houses in the community is very diverse. Some pig farmers are only less than 6m. There is a very narrow area for pregnant sows and farrowing sows, lighting, ventilation and sewage, sewage discharge facilities are not complete, and there is no clean road and pollution road in the production area. 2.3 Awareness of epidemic prevention is weak Most owners of pig farms in our district are short of professional education and have weak awareness of epidemic prevention. (1) Most farms have no scientific immunization procedures. None of the pig-raising districts in our district had a more scientific immunization program. Among the 31 pigs in the district, 21 pigs were immunized only once on the 45-day-old pigs with immunization doses of 2 pigs. 2 times a year, 4 times each time. Only 1O households of commercial pigs immunized pigs 2 pig farms of 18 farms were not inoculated with pseudorabies vaccine, and 29 finishing pigs were not vaccinated with pseudorabies vaccine. The immune density of S. suis seedlings, erysipelas bacterins, and pulmonary epidemic bacterin was lower. Some farms were not immune to chain smashing, erysipelas, and pulmonary epidemics. Most pig farms had no record of immunization after immunization. What is the vaccination, how much is the inoculum dose, which manufacturer provides the vaccine, and what is the batch, depends on personal memory. One pig farmer in the Fujiaqiao Pig Breeding Community has not even been vaccinated with the national mandatory immunization 1:3 foot disease. (2) No regular disinfection system. Regular disinfection is one of the methods for controlling the source of infection and cutting off the infection. One of the 31 livestock owners in the 9 farming communities in the region insists on disinfecting once a week. The l0 owner will not implement the belt at all. Pigs were sterilized only after the live pigs had been sold. The 2O owners had occasionally disinfected, but the concentrations of disinfectants and disinfectants were used arbitrarily and it was difficult to achieve the disinfection effect. In order to maintain self-support, all-in and all-out measures are rarely implemented. Adhering to all-in and all-out self-competence is the most effective way to prevent the introduction of infectious diseases and cross-infection among live pigs. There is a community in the district, all purchased from the field to buy piglets, and there are no real feeding and management modes for all the 31 livestock owners in the 9 pig-raising communities. The breeding of pigs, weaned piglets and finishing pigs is quite common. (4) Harmless treatment is not in place. None of the nine pig-raising communities in our district are harmless. Some live dead pigs in the community are simply buried or disposed of in ponds, and some even sell the sick and dead pigs to unscrupulous traders. The epidemic is not reported in time. When an outbreak occurred in the pig-raising district in our district, the livestock owners seldom reported the epidemic in a timely manner. The general public was asked to seek medical diagnosis. After being unable to control the epidemic, it was forced to report the epidemic and the epidemic prevention agency could not grasp the epidemic in a timely manner. 2.5 The problem of environmental pollution highlights that there are no comprehensive measures for the treatment of pig manure and other wastes in the pig-raising communities in our district. As a result, wastes such as faeces are directly discharged without any treatment, seriously polluting the environment. , it is difficult to find a safe source of drinking water. Huangtianpu pig farm is not well handled due to feces, and pollutes the water sources of the surrounding people, causing dissatisfaction with the local people and leading to conflicts between livestock owners and ordinary people in the community. The free discharge of sewage and dirt from the pig-raising district in our district has brought a great threat to the public health, health of the urban and rural residents, and the ecological environment. 2.6 Disorganized management of pig-raising communities As the pig-raising district in our district spontaneously organizes, it lacks an effective management and self-restraining system; the government has not included it in the agenda; the responsibility for epidemic prevention is not clear; the internal contradictions in the district cannot A timely and effective solution was achieved. For example, a pig breeding community in Nanjindu was due to internal personnel having a 1:3 angle, causing dirt everywhere. Diseased pigs run around and scurry; pig farmers are very popular with N # f-land introduction. 2.7 The use of veterinary drugs needs to be further regulated The live pigs in the pig-raising district in our district have a positive rate of zero in the three consecutive years of “Clean Semen†sampling, but illegal use of chloramphenicol, furazolidone and other illegal drugs still occurs. . Nine out of 31 livestock owners in the community used chloramphenicol or furazolidone: 15 households used penicillin, cefotaxime, cephradine, azithromycin, etc.; 3O household owners do not know what to call. During the withdrawal period, the withdrawal period was also not observed. Dental Polishing Lathe Machine,Dental Centrifugal Casting Machine,Dental Lab Milling Machine,Dental Lab Milling Center Suzhou Escomedical Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.escodental.com
1 Status of Pig Farms