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Occurrence and Control of Wheat Leaf Blight
Chinese name: Wheat leaf blight English name: Wheat leaf blotch Latin name: Septoria tritici Rob. Et Desm. Damage crops: Wheat damage symptoms: mainly damage the leaves and leaf sheaths, and sometimes also the ear and stem. Oval pale green lesions initially appeared on the slice, and later gradually expanded into irregularly shaped large yellow lesions. There are scattered black granules on the lesion, which is the conidia of the pathogen. - General disease from the lower leaves first, and gradually upward. In late autumn and early spring, when pathogens invade the root of the host, the lower leaves die, causing the plants to weaken and even die. Lesions on stems and ears are less visible and much smaller than those on leaf lesions. Conidia are also rare. The morphological characteristics of pathogens: conidia spherical to flat spherical, wall brown to black, micro-hole prominent. Occurs in the under-stomatal chamber under the epidermis of the host. Two kinds of size conidia are produced in the spore. Megaspores are more slender and colorless. There are 3-7 membranes, both ends of the circle; microspore no diaphragm, slightly curved, colorless. Characteristics of the disease: In the winter wheat region, the germs were over the summer on wheat residues or seeds, and autumn began to invade the seedlings, and the main body of the bacteria overwintered in the diseased plants. In the spring of next year, the pathogenic bacteria contaminated and spread; in the spring wheat region, the conidia and mycelia of the pathogens overwintered on the wheat residues, and contaminating spreads after spring wheat sowing. Under the condition of low temperature and high humidity, the development of the disease is favored. There is a great difference in the resistance to leaf blight between varieties. Control methods: 1. Agricultural control (1) Selection of disease resistant and resistant varieties. (2) Deep extermination of fleas, removal of sick bodies, elimination of self-producing wheat seedlings. (3) Farmyard fertilizers are applied after high temperature stacking. Severe disease fields can be considered for rotation. (4) Field spraying, in heavy fields, spraying with carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl or triadimefon. See methods for using wheat scab and wheat stripe rust. Common agents: carbendazim thiophanate-methyl triadimefon