Large vegetable grasp technical points

Now, there has been a marked increase in the number of farmers who choose to grow vegetables. Many newly joined farmers are still in the stage of planting by feeling. How can we plant less detours and ensure success? Recently, the reporter interviewed Li Zhi, a vegetable expert of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences. He emphasized that a variety of vegetables and techniques should be excellent and the technical points are as follows:

Prepare vegetables carefully

“The peasant friend must have such a concept in his heart that vegetable cultivation is a fine task. From the selection of vegetable plots, it is necessary to prepare carefully to produce a green garden.” Li Zhi reminded him that the characteristics of vegetable cultivation in soil cultivation require deep farming. Get up. The depth of arable land should be determined according to the type of vegetables and the nature of the soil. It is generally required to plough 25 centimeters to 30 centimeters deep. Planting radish and pumpkins must be deep ploughed. The sticky soil must be deep-cultivated, and the soil and the new cropland should be gradually ploughed after the start of shallow cultivation. “Planting deeply and cultivating and expanding the root system is the key to ensure the high yield of vegetables.”

After the vegetable plots are ploughed, they need to be lifted before live broadcasting or planting. The size of the car should be determined according to the nature of the soil, the height of the terrain, and the type of vegetables. The height of the general car is 15 cm - 18 cm and width is 1 - 1.2 m. In order to facilitate drainage and irrigation, flat ground is higher, shallow root vegetables, such as leafy vegetables, etc. are lower; spring and summer rain is more, should be the whole high compartment, autumn and winter can be flat compartment. Lifting should be horizontal to reduce the intensity of daylight damage when the summer arrives. In addition, when the vehicle is tilted, the length of the cabin should be 90 degrees perpendicular to the slope, so as to block the flow of water and reduce the difficulty of irrigation and reduce the loss of nutrients and soil.

Seeding at the right time

According to Li Zhi, according to the different requirements of vegetables for light and temperature, the sowing time for vegetables is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. Cold-resistant vegetables, such as carrots, cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard and other suitable for autumn sowing, and hi-temperature vegetables, such as melons, eggplants, beans and other suitable spring sowing, "in order to mature early to sell a good price, spring sowing vegetables can also Early in the winter and early spring period, seedlings are planted using cold-proof insulation facilities, and then transplanted and planted. Of course, this requires skilled growers.” In addition, onions, spinach, and radishes are not strictly required for temperature and light, so all seasons can be planted.

There are two kinds of vegetable sowing methods, namely seedling transplanting and direct sowing in open field. All vegetables to be transplanted, such as cabbage, broccoli, mustard, eggplant, etc., should be nursed first, and then transplanted. Inadvertently transplanted vegetables, such as radish, beans and other roots after transplantation, easy to damage the normal development should be live. During live broadcasting, fine seeds such as cabbage and spinach should be sowed with mixed seeds and ash or fine sand to ensure uniform distribution of seeds; for carrots, pakchoi, spinach, etc. Sowing of flowers, but the management of the growing period of vegetables is more convenient; for large seeds such as broad beans, peas, radishes, potatoes, etc. are used on demand, that is, according to a certain line spacing dig points sowing. After sowing, the cover soil should not be too thick or too thin, otherwise it is not conducive to seed germination. Can also cover the back cover grass to ensure the soil temperature and humidity, and promote germination, but pay attention to timely uncovering the cover after germination.

Seize the opportunity to transplant

"Seedling transplanting is stressful." Li Zhi explained that when seedlings grown on seedbeds reach a certain size, they should be promptly moved to fields for planting, such as tomatoes, eggplants, etc., generally in 6-7 true leaves, the melons do not More than 3-4 true leaves, cabbages, cabbages in 5-7 true leaves, "must be accurately grasped."

In order to increase the survival rate of transplanting, attention should be paid to choosing the transplanting time. Generally sunny days should be in the evening, can reduce the evaporation of the aerial parts of the seedlings, and do not have to limit the time when there is no wind on cloudy days. In order to reduce the damage to the roots of the seedlings, increase the water absorption capacity, and survive after planting, the seedbeds should be fully flooded before digging the seedlings to make the roots more soil.

When planting, the plant spacing should be set according to the scheduled spacing, open the ditch, mix the basal fertilizer with the soil and mix well, then put a layer of fine soil, then put the soil with the soil into the hole to support, and simultaneously press the soil to the rhizosphere with hand Drain the root water so that the roots and the soil are in close contact. After conditional watering of the root water, irrigation is performed to promote survival.

Cultivated weeding soil

After planting and survival of the vegetable seedlings, the cultivation and weeding are performed to keep the soil loose, increase soil temperature, circulate air, promote decomposition of fertilizers, regulate soil moisture, and reduce pests and diseases.

Li Zhi introduced that the depth of cultivating vegetables should be shallow, with a degree of 4-7 cm. However, the cultivating depth is different for different types, growing seasons, and soil properties. Shallow-rooted vegetables such as onions and cucumbers should be ploughed lightly; melons (except cucumbers), tomatoes, root vegetables, and other deep-rooted vegetables can be slightly deeper. .

The first cultivator should be shallow after sowing. Seedlings in the root distribution should be shallow cultivars, lines should be slightly deeper; grow plants, roots expanded, in order to avoid injury, cultivator should be shallow. The cultivator is mainly pre-growth, and cultivating is started after the cultivation of the vegetables is resumed, and then cultivating once every 10-15 days, and once during each rainfall or irrigation.

In the mid-growth period, the leaves cover the ground and the root system covers the topsoil, and the cultivator should be stopped. For sandy soil with good ventilation and high water permeability, the cultivator should be shallow and the clay soil can be deep. When the temperature is low, it can be slightly deeper to increase the temperature of the ground. When the temperature is high, the water evaporates quickly and there are more weeds. Generally, the cultivator should be shallow.

Weeds are of great harm, and they compete with fertilizers to hinder the growth of vegetables. Intertillage and weeding are often combined together. Weeding should be done in addition to early, small, and net removal. Spread the vegetables, the distance is more dense, you have to pull the grass by hand; planting a larger row of vegetables, can use weeding head weeding.

Earthing should be carried out in combination with cultivating. After soil cultivation, underground stalks such as potato and alfalfa can be made hypertrophic to prevent lodging; and vegetables susceptible to adventitious roots, such as tomatoes, can expand the root system, strengthen nutrition, and facilitate drainage after rain or irrigation.

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