Safe wintering technology for pond fish farming

To do a good job of safe wintering management of pond fish culture can effectively prevent the occurrence of fish disease and “drowning pond” phenomenon, reduce unnecessary losses, and increase the economic benefits of breeding.

1. Strengthen feeding. In the late autumn and early winter, the wintering fish will continue to be fed with fine materials such as wheat bran, rice bran and bean cake, supplemented with vegetables and young grasses, and fertilized properly so that the pool water will maintain a medium weight so that the fish can enhance their physical fitness and accumulate nutrients. To meet the winter needs, improve the ability to keep out the cold.

2. Prepare the pond. The size of the overwintering pool, where the sheltered winds are sunny, the water quality is good, and the water and electricity is convenient, can be determined according to the number of stocking, the heating method and the management level. The old cement pool is cleaned with clean water before use and used for every cubic meter of water. 20 grams of bleach disinfection. The disinfection method for Xinchi Lake is to control the water depth of the fish pond to 1.5 meters, and use 75 kg of quick lime to spray the whole water on 1/15 hectare (1 mu) for disinfection. In addition, it should be equipped with heating equipment.

3. Reasonable stocking. When the water temperature drops to 16°C, select healthy broodstock and fish species for stocking. The broodstock has a body weight of 150 grams or more, and the ratio of male to female is 3:1. The length of the fish species is 3 to 5 centimeters. In general, 150 to 200 grams of broodstock per cu m of water is produced, 30 to 50 tails of broodstock, 300 to 500 tails of fish of 3 to 5 cm in length, and in the presence of microfluidic water, the stocking capacity may be appropriately increased. Before stocking, soak the fish with 3% to 4% saline for 30 minutes.

4. Control water temperature. The water temperature during the winter should be maintained at 16 ~ 20 °C. If the water temperature exceeds 20°C, the fish will inevitably feed, the activities will increase, the oxygen consumption will be high, and the water quality will be easily deteriorated. At this time, the temperature should be flushed by means of timely flushing; if the water temperature is too low, the food intake of the fish will be weakened and the fish will lose weight and become ill. Heating equipment should be used to maintain the water temperature is relatively stable.

5. Adjust water quality. During the winter, the stocking density of fish is greater, and attention should be paid to regulating the water quality to keep the water fresh and tender, with dissolved oxygen above 4 milligrams per litre. If the deterioration of water quality causes the fish to float, appropriate oxygen may be added. Every 7 to 10 days, about 30% change of water. Timely remove residual baits.

6. Reasonable feeding. Feeding should be based on the weather, water temperature, fish activity, and feeding conditions.

7. Prevent pests. 1 hydromycosis. The body of the fish was covered with greyish water hyphae, and the diseased fish was slow in movement and loss of appetite, and they died one after another. Control methods: Use 2 mg/L gallnut liquor Quanchiposa, or soak the diseased fish with 3% to 4% saline for 5 to 10 minutes, can also be applied directly on the injured broodstock gentian violet. 2 Third generation worms. The disease was born in fish skin, rays and septum. The diseased fish had many mucus, and the body surface was covered with a layer of gray-white mucous membranes. The original luster was lost, the sick fish were uneasy, and they often swam in the water. 90% crystal trichlorfon was used to spray water once or twice a day. The concentration of water in the pool was 0.3-0.5 mg/L. 3 Trichinosis. The disease is caused by the infestation of fish skin and worms by trichoderma. Control methods: Disinfect the fresh lime ponds before stocking, and then spray the whole pond with 0.7 mg/L copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2).

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