High-quality lean-type pig rearing management technology

The pig-breeding industry has had very good economic benefits in recent years. In rural areas, the enthusiasm of farmer breeding continues to heat up. Under such circumstances, how to meet the needs of the market and produce high-quality lean meat pork is the key to greater economic efficiency. . The improvement of the level of feeding and management is a hard indicator that must be valued for obtaining greater economic benefits. Simply put, that is: grasp the sow's reproductive rate, reduce the rate of death, and strive for maximum daily weight gain.

1 Increase sow reproduction rate

1.1 Grasping the age of first maternal and using early mating does not only result in fewer litters, but also affects the development of the gilt itself. If the mating is too late, it will increase the cost of feeding and management. Under normal circumstances, the initial maternal age is generally controlled by: the local breed is about 7 months old, and the body weight is 60-70 kg or more; the introduced variety is 8-10 months old and the weight is about 90-120 kg; the cultivars and hybrids are in two Between. Sows are generally updated after 7-8 births.

1.2 Grasp the timely mating, increase litter size Local pigs should be late after the estrus (elongation of the estrus is long), early introduction of estrus after the introduction of the estrus (estrus duration is short), hybrid pigs in the middle. As far as the sow's age is concerned, there is an old saying that "it's old and small, and it's not old, not middle, and middle". Under normal circumstances, it is most appropriate to find that when the redness of the phallus of an estrus sow has just begun to subside, fibrinous mucus has flowed out, and the pressurised sow has been immobilized while her back is still.

1.3 Reasonably keeping pregnant sows to ensure that the normal development of the fetus sows should adopt the "low before and after high" feeding methods. That is, the early pregnancy to take a lower level of nutrition, rearing during pregnancy to take a higher nutritional level. Ensuring adequate supply of vitamins and minerals for sows during pregnancy can prevent the occurrence of miscarriage, fetuses, mummies, stillbirths and deformed piglets. During pregnancy, the most important task is to prevent the flow of fetuses, should pay attention to as long as possible pregnant sows raised, prohibit disturbing; prohibited feeding moldy and degenerate feed; proper exercise, enhance physical fitness, but stopped at 5 to 7 days before childbirth Exercise; do a good job of preventing heat and cold.

1.4 Strengthening sow management at the delivery stage Clean the delivery room 1 week before delivery, ground and walls are sprayed with 10% to 20% lime water, and 2% to 5% of Susu water or 1 bottle of sow during labor. Potassium permanganate solution disinfects the sow's abdomen, breasts, and vulva to prevent bacterial infection. To prevent the development of mastitis and metritis, sows should be fed warm bran salt water after delivery.

1.5 to strive for piglets live full strength, increase the weight of weaning 1 grasp colostrum, over a good birth off. Colostrum is an indispensable food for piglets. After they are born, they should eat colostrum in time. At the same time, the nipples should be fixed and the strong piglets should be placed on the back nipples so that the same litter can grow evenly. If the sow has less effective nipples, the piglets must be fostered. 2 grasp open food, good feed off. About 21 days after the birth of the piglets, the sow's lactation reached a peak, and gradually decreased afterwards. In order to supplement the lack of breast milk in time, feed should be fed earlier.
1.6 Early Weaning The implementation of early weaning techniques can increase the number of fetuses per year. The rearing pigs are recommended to be weaned at 28 to 35 days of age. Feeding conditions are generally recommended at 35 days to 40 days of weaning, if the sows are in control of sows. Better and healthier, the sows will be estrus immediately within 5-7 days after weaning.

2 Reducing the rate of dead scouring The rate of mortality is high during the first week after weaning and during weaning. Emphasis should be placed on prevention.

2.1 Good post-natal care work for piglets Piglets should be cleared of nose and mucous after birth to prevent suffocation of piglets. After the death of the suspended piglet, it is necessary to take measures to implement first aid. Piglets should be disinfected with iodine after the umbilical cord is cut off.

2.2 Strengthen the management level of newborn piglets 1 week after the birth of piglets, the immune effects of colostrum gradually disappeared, the immunity of piglets decreased, and it was easy to get sick. In feeding and management, attention should be paid to timely observation and timely treatment should be found to prevent disease from spreading. In medication, we must strictly control the dose and avoid poisoning. Nursery bar and delivery room can be set up to increase heating facilities, and at the same time, attention should be paid to antifreeze and pressure prevention, and hygiene and cleaning work should be done in time.

2.3 Good weaning The weaning stage is also a period when piglets have a high mortality. Weaning should be done with sows and piglets to minimize stress on the piglets. After 30 days of age, the piglets will gradually improve their digestive function, gain weight rapidly, and enter a vigorous food phase. At this time, they must choose full-quality pellets of good quality and excellent quality. Feed them 5 to 6 times a day, 1 at night, and follow a small amount. In order to prevent indigestion and minimize the incidence of piglet diarrhea and swine edema disease, the principles of feeding and feeding should be added.

3 Increase daily weight gain

3.1 The optimum temperature for cold- and heat-stroke 11-45 kg live pigs is 21 °C, 45-100 kg pigs are 18 °C, too high or too low temperature will affect the pig's production performance. In summer, due to hot weather, pigs have reduced appetite, so they should choose to feed in the morning and evening to avoid the high temperature period. At the same time, they should pay attention to heatstroke. The pigs can be rinsed with fresh water; the temperature in the winter pighouse will drop, and the pigs will feed on feedstuffs. Some will be used to maintain body temperature. Therefore, raising the temperature in the pig house properly will increase the weight of the feed and increase feed utilization.

3.2 Reasonable ventilation Ventilation High-density pigs need ventilation throughout the year. Even in winter, if you only pay attention to the insulation and do not pay attention to ventilation, the hygienic condition of the pig house will be deteriorated, which will reduce pig weight gain and increase feed consumption.

3.3 Supplying clean drinking water Drinking water is an important part of the somatic cells and blood of pigs. The lean meat pig has a high water content in the body, especially in muscles, up to 70%. If drinking water is insufficient or water is limited, large quantities of feed will be consumed. Cause the pig's loss of appetite, reduced feed intake, decreased daily weight gain and increased feed consumption. Severe lack of water can cause disease. There is a need to pay attention to feeding, do not use too dilute feed instead of drinking water, feeding a dilute feed will weaken the chewing function of the pig, dilute the mouth of the digestive juice, but also reduce the feed intake, affecting weight gain.

3.4 Do a good job of prevention and control of disease prevention We must adhere to the principle of prevention and adopt comprehensive measures to reduce the incidence of diseases and reduce the use of drugs. Specific measures: First, regularly disinfect the pig house and the surrounding environment. The disinfectant should be selected to be safe for people and pigs, with no residual toxicity, no damage to the equipment, and no harmful accumulated disinfectant in the pig. Secondly, we must conduct selective vaccination against diseases based on actual local conditions, and pay attention to selecting suitable vaccines, immunization procedures, and immunization methods. The third is to control parasites. Pregnant sows use 1 antiparasitic drug 1 to 4 weeks before birth. Boars use at least 2 times per year. All piglets use 1 time during the transfer. Before gilt breeding, sows After one application, the newly-introduced pigs were dewormed twice (at intervals of 10 to 14 days) and kept in isolation for at least 30 days in order to group with other pigs. The fourth is to deal with the disease and dead pigs in time and carry out deep-buried or incineration treatment according to the level of disease.

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