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Ruby seedless viticulture
The ear of ruby ​​seedless grapes is conical, medium and large, average weight 600g, maximum ear weight more than 2000g, oval fruit shape, ruby ​​red, average grain weight about 5g, sugar content 18.5%, sugar ratio> 20:1 The flesh is light yellow-green, translucent flesh, and the flesh is more brittle, sweet and low-acid, and can be sliced. At room temperature for 30 days, no rotten fruit does not fall, and the quality is excellent. It matures in mid-September, grows rapidly and has strong resistance to disease. It is a natural seedless variety. The 2-year-old mu production can reach 1000kg, and the per-mu yield can reach 5000kg, which is the preferred variety for replacement. First, the establishment of a garden, the implementation of a single-arm fence management mode. 2. The row spacing is 1.5m, and the plant spacing is 1m. 74 concrete pillars (2.2mx0.1mx0.1m) must be used per acre, and iron wire with a thickness of 2.8--3mm is about 50kg. 3. In the fall, the garden will be well-prepared and dig 0.6m wide and 0.6m deep. In spring, fill the soil back into the ditch and apply enough basal fertilizer. The water is heavy and flat. II. Planting 1. Seedling treatment: (1) Disinfect with Baume's 5 degree lime sulfur mixture. After the liquid medicine is dried, soak the seedlings with water for about 10 hours. Because the seedlings are dehydrated during the winter storage period and the transport period, so Must be soaked so that the seedlings eat enough water to increase the survival rate. (2) Use a 5000-fold solution of naphthaleneacetic acid to root the seedlings. 2, planting: generally in late March - early April is appropriate. The cutting grapes should be irrigated first with a 0.35kg acetochlor per acre to seal the ground to prevent grassing. Then cover with plastic film, insert grape vines. The buds are flush with the ground and on the surface of the sun. The buds should not be pressed by the plastic film. A small pile of soil is placed on the top, and the small earth pile can be soiled in 15 days or so. Naturally drilled from it. Third, pruning and binding for one year. When the vine branch grows to about 40cm, it will be picked in time and the tendrils will be cut in time. The three main vines will be left in the same year, and the vines will be bound in time. In December, each branch in the winter will have 6--7 full shoots cut. 2 years old. Leave 10 or so branches of fruit in a timely fashion. Twist the tendrils, cut the tendrils, pick flowers at the flowering stage, and leave one a shoot on each branch. In winter, leave 4 to 5 mother branches in December and leave 3 to 5 full shoots on each branch. Short cut, 3 years later pruned with 2 years old. Fourth, grape bagging Seedless ruby ​​grapes are high-grade fruit, so must be bagging, bagging time begins 2 weeks after the Xiehua, the bag with a special paper bag is appropriate, before spraying the bag once the fungicide (to try not to spray pollution Pharmacy), spray "100 Bacteroides 2000" 500 times after liquid dry bagging. V. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests After the 1st-year-old grape sprouts, it is necessary to prevent velvet, beetle and small gray weevil pests from harming. For each mu of land, the poison bait phosphorus powder (6%) can be added to 2kg. Summer and autumn should pay attention to pest control, spraying 0.5:1:200 times Bordeaux mixture in July, once in August, once in August, if found downy mildew can be sprayed 300 times the B aluminum phosphorus. 2. Orchards above 2 years old should be sprayed with 3 degrees lime sulfur in grape flower buds during the villous period (usually in the middle or late March) to control grapes felt disease, powdery mildew, ringworm disease, anthrax, white rot, and Far Eastern helmets. Wait. The borax was sprayed 300 times during the flowering period, and the fruit setting rate was increased 2,000 times. The main diseases of the grapes are black pox, white rot, rotten fruit, anthracnose, downy mildew, etc. After entering the end of June, Bordeaux multi-solution (half-type), beta-aluminum, 50% multi-bacteria Alternating spray (spraying more than 15 days after spraying the Bordeaux multi-fluid and spraying other drugs) to prevent grape disease. Sixth, fertilizer and water management 1, fertilization: 1 year in addition to the application of organic fertilizer before planting, the application of 25g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer in each grape in mid-June, in October each plant applies about 2kg of organic fertilizer and add appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer. Before germinating 2 years old, 100% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer containing 15% of N, P and K per acre is applied, potassium fertilizer is topped in 6-7 months, 50kg of 50% potassium sulfate is applied, and organic fertilizer is applied after grape is harvested. Add appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and later determine the amount of fertilizer according to the number of results. Fertilizer spray is dominated by nitrogen in spring and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in summer. 2, watering: before germination must be combined with fertilization pouring 1 large water, early winter to seal frozen water, summer and autumn seasons determine the number of watering according to the weather, pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. VII. Pre-winter soil Repulse soil in spring Before spring, prepare the soil for cultivation of grapes. In Jiaodong area and the soil in the south of the Yellow River, there is no need to cultivate soil in the south of the Yangtze River. The soil in the north of the Yellow River is a complete soil area. The amount of soil can be determined according to the winter temperature in different regions. With the temperature rising in the spring, the soil can be gradually retreated to prevent the roots from moving upwards.