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Strengthen Spring Wheat Management in Accordance with Local Conditions
In March, as temperatures continue to rise, wheat in the winter wheat fields in northern China gradually enters the greening stage. How to develop scientifically and reasonably the management of spring wheat fields according to the pre-winter growth conditions, overwintering conditions, and appearance of returning to green growth in various types of wheat fields. The realization of high-yield and high-efficiency wheat production has become one of the major tasks of the future agricultural science and technology management and service departments. At present, wheat is in the period of returning green to its growth stage, and spring-leaf and spring-born tillers begin to grow. It is a crucial period to promote the growth of weak seedlings, control the growth of vigorous seedlings, increase the percentage of spikes, and establish a reasonable population structure. The overall analysis shows that due to the abundant snowfall conditions in winter and lighter freezing damage, the wheat field has a better moisture content, and the overwintering condition and returning green growth of wheat in wheat fields are generally better. However, in view of the fact that the enthusiasm of planting wheat in some regions and the extensive planting and insufficient input before winter, it is more important to strengthen the management of wheat fields in early spring due to local conditions. The specific management measures are as follows: Before winter, the application of chemical fertilizer is insufficient, the population of returning green is too small, the total number of stems is less than 700,000/mu, and the wheat field with weak growth should be immediately followed by green manure. For topdressing or with water application, wheat fields with insufficient moisture content should be followed by water. Normally, the topdressing field of wheat is 10-20 kg of urea per acre, and the amount of water sprayed can be generally 3-4 hours. The application of green water should be on March 25. Finished recently. Good soil moisture, adequate use of chemical fertilizers, a large population of wheat seedlings in the return period, and wheat fields with a total stem number exceeding 1 million/mu. The management of the returning green stage focuses on the strict control of premature application of early spring fertilizers and water. Jianchang, replanting joint-fertilizer-based. For most wheat fields with normal wheat growth, according to the actual situation of the growth and development of wheat seedlings, the wheat field with strong seedling growth and strong growth, and the wheat field with poor soil fertility may be topdressed with 10-20 kg/mu urea. In short, the seedling condition this year is better, and most of the wheat field groups are reasonable. After returning green manure water management, it is necessary to carry out appropriate seedlings before and after getting up, in order to prevent growth. Around April 20 of the year, it is the jointing period of wheat in the northern winter wheat region. The reasonable application of fertilizer and water in the jointing stage is the key measure to consolidate the number of panicles, grow stalks and spikes, and to seize the high yield and high efficiency of wheat production. , soil moisture conditions and local water conditions, overall arrangements, so that jointing fertilizer can be accurately and timely implementation in place. The specific measures include: for small groups, the maximum total stem number is less than 1 million/mu, wheat seedling growth is weak, wheat field with poor soil moisture content, fertilizer and water application time at the jointing stage can be advanced to the spring four leaf tip; Reasonable, the highest total number of stems in the 100-120 million / acre between the growth of a robust wheat field in the spring five leaves (pour two hours) exposed to the flag leaf tip stage to strengthen management, reapply jointing fertilizer and water; large population The highest total stem number is more than 1.2 million per mu. The growing wheat field should be postponed until the flag leaf tip is completed within 3-5 days after the jointing stage. The application amount of jointing fertilizer is based on the total amount of fertilizer required in different wheat fields. Generally, 20-30 kg of urea per acre is used as the straightening factor. The irrigation amount of jointing water should be sufficient, and the joint water in the sprayed wheat field can not be less than 5 hours. At the same time, we should also strengthen the management of weed control, disease prevention, and chemical control measures for all types of wheat fields in the middle of April.