Most of the spring Tremella cultivation is caused by green mold, and some are also contaminated by Rhizopus or Mucor, while Streptomyces is rare. Green mold, mucor, and root mold often occur in the inoculation point of the bacteria bag, or when the two-point mushroom ring joint is 9-10 days after inoculation, it appears at the front end of the hyphae, and also appears on the wall of the bag. Green mold also occurs on fruiting bodies. Make the ear mold bad. Most of the spores occur in the gaps in the mouth of the bag. The cause of pollution is mainly due to the incomplete sterilization of the bag, the aseptic operation is not strict, the bag membrane is broken, the strain is impure or the environmental pollution is affected.

To avoid contamination of bacteria, the key is to do the following:

1. Purify the mushroom room environment: Clean up the environment and clean it with lime powder: strictly disinfect and sterilize before planting, and eliminate pollution sources.

2, selected raw materials: cottonseed shell, wheat bran requires no agglomeration, no mold and deterioration, and placed in the sun exposed sterilization, the quality of the test bag beforehand.

3. Standardize the production of the bacteria bag: the culture material contains no more than 60% water, and the time limit of the bag is not more than 6 hours to prevent the material from becoming sour. Sterilization is required to be kept at 100 ° C for 24 hours without cooling down.

4, adhere to the aseptic operation: the inoculation room is thoroughly disinfected and sterilized, the qualified disinfectant is selected, the super-strong type can be used, the water is 10-20 kg per bag, the spraying space and the bed, the site, and then the disinfection box is not used per cubic meter. Less than 5 grams, sterilization time 1 hour. The vaccination requires a fine wine lamp flame.

5, the strain is strictly checked. Selected strains, spring Tremella species require stronger ash fungus, to avoid the impact of low temperature ash after inoculation affects long ears. The bacteria should be disinfected according to the seed box, and the bacteria should be prevented from breaking the bottle.

6, pollution bag treatment: contaminated bags contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria should be treated differently: lightly contaminated by bagging, control spread, and then sterilized inoculation; heavy ones to break the bag to take materials, add 1-2% lime and mix well, After 24 hours of boring, it is used for drying for the next time. The fruiting body is contaminated with green mold and should be harvested in advance, and the ear base is rubbed with PH8 lime liquid supernatant to control the spread.

Second, eliminate pests

1. The mosquitoes are mainly small mosquitoes. Control measures: Clean up the environment frequently, smash the lime powder; install gauze on the doors and windows, regularly spray the insect solution on the net or the 2,000 times solution of the Taibao; install black light to trap the room. In the prosperous period, pesticides are limited to low-toxic, low-residue varieties, such as Ruijinte 3000 times liquid spray to kill, can also ignite mosquito coils, or use health pills to crush and kill.

2, 螨 also known as bacillary dysentery, many varieties, there are two kinds of pupa and whitefly. Prevention and treatment methods: the raw material warehouse should be kept away from the mushroom house, and exposed to the sun before use; the surrounding environment should be cleaned; the bacteria bag should be disinfected before opening, sprayed with 73% gram of 3000 times liquid one day in advance, then the room temperature is adjusted to 20 °C, and the doors and windows are closed. After the vacant room is completely disinfected, and then the drug residue is removed, the tape is opened; when the fruit body grows in the early stage, the fresh tobacco leaves can be spread on the side of the bag, the cockroach is squeezed on the leaf, and then taken out and burned with fire: also available The tea seed cake is ground into a powder, and when it is slightly fried until the oil is fragrant, the pot is thrown out, and it is sprinkled on the cockroach. After the trapping, the boiling water is removed and burned. In the case of unacceptable conditions, it can be sprayed and killed with 20% double nail emulsion emulsifiable oil 1000-1500 times.

3, nematode prevention and control methods: the medium should be sterilized thoroughly, the water source should be tested, the mushroom house should be strictly disinfected beforehand, the water spray should not be too wet, and pay attention to ventilation. If nematodes appear in the mushroom house, spray 0.5% lime water or 1% saline solution on a cool day for 2-3 times, and scatter the lime powder on the mushroom house floor. In the long ear period, the lesions can be sprinkled with 1% glacial acetic acid or 25% vinegar solution.

Third, the prevention and treatment of diseases

Tremella disease is divided into invasive diseases and non-invasive diseases. Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic bacteria, non-infectious diseases, some are caused by physiological diseases, and some are caused by out of control of production management.

1. Powdery mildew is also called white rot, and the pathogen is Aspergillus. Control measures: Strengthen the ventilation and dehumidification of the mushroom house. When the young ear occurs, spray the lime sulfur mixture, and harvest it in advance. Use a sharp knife to scrape the root. The ear base can be coated with 4% carbolic acid solution, and 50% mildew powder in the evening. Smoked.

2, the pathogen of the disease, Fusarium solani. Control measures: raw materials exposed to the sun, the moisture content of the ingredients should not be too high 60%; before the hole is released, use 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times spray sterilization; after the film is expanded, the space humidity does not exceed 80%; when the ear stage occurs, it can be sprayed The lime supernatant of PH8 is harvested in advance during the earing period, and is immersed and washed with 5% lime water before being processed and dried.

3, black scorpion prevention method; hair culture is not more than 28 ° C is good, timely opening the membrane to expand the hole to increase oxygen, promote the normal metabolism of hyphae; young ear stage spray should be less diligent, not excessive, to prevent the ear base Water accumulation: At the same time pay attention to ventilation and ventilation.

4, rotten ear prevention measures: to prevent the medium from becoming sour, after the bag is sterilized, pay attention to heat dissipation, and the bacteria culture to prevent over-temperature. Long ear stage control 23-25 ​​° C, timely ventilation, water spray amount, space relative humidity between 85-95%. The young ears found that the rotten ear was removed in time, digging the base, rubbed with lime water, and then sprayed with 100% thiophanate 1000 solution; the ear mold was prematurely harvested and coated with 25% Fami Double 1500 times solution. Control the spread of pathogens.

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