Breakthrough in research on rabies virus infection mechanism

The research team of important zoonotic diseases and strong foreign diseases of the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has made important progress in the study of the pathogenesis of rabies virus (RABV). It is the first time that metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) is a RABV invasion. A new receptor for nerve cells. Related academic papers were recently published online in the authoritative journal of International Pathogens, Public Library of Science - Pathogens.

Envelope glycoprotein (G) is a major functional protein that mediates the invasion of RABV into host cells. Researchers at the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute found that mGluR2 interacts directly with the envelope glycoprotein (G) and is endocytosed with RABV particles, which are transported together in the intracellular transport system to early and late endocytic bodies. In vivo studies in mice have shown that mGluR2 soluble protein is capable of neutralizing the lethal challenge of RABV virus; mGluR2 is widely distributed throughout the brain and colocalized with the RABV antigen. The results demonstrate that mGluR2 is a key receptor for RABV invasion of the central nervous system. mGluR2 is a 7-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the class C G-protein coupled receptor family. It is widely distributed in the central nervous system and is a receptor molecule of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Its dysfunction can cause various neurological diseases. It is a drug target for various neurological diseases such as schizophrenia.

In recent years, the number of rabies reported in China has been ranked in the top three or four in the legal infectious diseases. RABV specifically infects the nervous system. If a person has neurological symptoms after infection, the mortality rate is almost 100%. There is no effective treatment in clinical practice. So far, the mechanism of RABV infection of nerve cells is still not clear. Searching for key host proteins that determine the invasion process of RABV is of great value in elucidating its neuropathogenic mechanism and guiding the development of related special effects drugs. Experts pointed out that the subject reported for the first time and revealed that the important neuronal signaling molecule, a member of the metabotropic glutamate receptor family, has a direct interaction with the neurotropic virus, which is of great significance. (Reporter Yi Xiaofeng)


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