Breeding Broilers: Small Questions Asked by the University

Breeding broilers is a job with a strong sense of responsibility. At present, farmers in rural broilers generally have access to conventional feeding and management techniques. However, they often neglect some minor problems in feeding and management, resulting in the inability to fully develop broiler production performance. decline. Now we will give an overview of the few issues that should be noted in the management of broiler chickens in rural areas for reference.
Chicken selection Some broiler breeders only pay attention to the price of chickens and ignore the quality of chickens. The quality of chickens is the basis for the success of broiler rearing. Only by purchasing healthy chicks with excellent quality, can an ideal feeding effect be achieved. The quality of the chicks directly affects the growth of the broilers and the economic benefits of the farm. Therefore, the chickens for the chicken farms with good quality and good reputation are selected. When the chicks are infected, the chickens with the symptoms of omphalitis and white peony are excluded. , eliminate weak chickens and residual chickens, and prevent the purchase of inferior chicks.
Feeding methods There are still many farmers using the ground raising method, which is easy to make the chicken cold and cause diarrhea and other symptoms, is not conducive to the control of intestinal diseases, especially E. coli disease, coccidiosis is difficult to control. The adoption of “online cultivation” has the advantages of saving litter, reducing coccidiosis, E. coli disease, reducing stress, facilitating environmental control, etc., and making the chicken evenly distributed and conducive to growth. Therefore, broilers are best adopted. Scaffolding and plastic online raising methods.
The heating method of coal-fired heating is a common heating method for rural chickens. However, when the coal burns, it consumes a large amount of oxygen in the house and generates excessive amounts of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, which seriously reduce the air quality in the house.
The problem is mainly manifested in several aspects:
1 The coal quality is too bad and the smoke is large;
2 led to excessive carbon dioxide in the house;
3 Incomplete combustion of coal leads to the production of carbon monoxide; 4 The consumption of a large amount of oxygen causes an internal oxygen deficiency.
It is best to use fire and heating for heating.
In the early period of ventilation, it is not only necessary to pay attention to insulation, but to neglect ventilation. Because of the high temperature, the air is dirty and dry, and the dust flies in the air. It is easy to cause foreign body bronchitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and air-swelling. Ventilation design to leave skylights and about 60 cm above the roof, is conducive to the release of harmful gases such as ammonia, but also to prevent a large number of outside the home from the skylights, "backwards" into the interior, so that the door, window and sunroof form a A good ventilation route helps to discharge the dirty air in the house in a timely manner. In the later period, ventilation should be strengthened while not neglecting the work of heat preservation. In particular, in the seasons of chicken disease, climate change, and the temperature difference between day and night, avoid thieves and drafts.
Mastering the high temperature of the brooding room in the humidity often causes the relative humidity in the brooding room to be low, the humidity in the brooding period is too low, the air in the house is dry, the dust is flying upward, the airway mucous membranes are easy to be irritated, the resistance is weakened, and the pathogens are bred with the dust and become the chicks. Inhalation, damage to the respiratory mucosa, resulting in inactivation or loss of cilia creep, pathogens through the respiratory tract into the airbag, susceptible to respiratory diseases and E. coli disease. The humidity in the house is too small, and it can easily cause a large amount of water loss in the chicken body, dry hair, decreased appetite, increased thirst, resulting in dehydration of the chicks. Therefore, it is also important to keep a good understanding of the humidity inside the house during brooding and keep the relative humidity within the broiler room between 60-70%. Practice has proved that: humidity greater than 80% or less than 40% will have an adverse effect on the growth of chickens. When the humidity is too low, ground watering, air spray, and water basin on the stove can be used to increase the humidity.
Emphasizing the selection of broods and feeding in groups for selection and group rearing are important factors in ensuring the health and growth of the chickens.
Selection of youngsters The first selection of youngsters should be carried out when the chicks reach the brooding room. The weak chicks and young chicks should be selected for isolation and feeding. The remaining chicks should be eliminated to purify the chickens; the second chickling is selected on the 6-8th day of the chicks. Ageing can also be carried out when the chicks are first immunized, and small, poorly growing chicks are isolated and fed separately.
The genders of male and female broilers reared in groups are different, and their physiological basis is also different. Therefore, the requirements and reactions to environmental and nutritional conditions are also different. If the rooster grows fast, and the hen's growth rate is slow, the difference between the 56-day weight is about 27%; the weight growth rate of the rooster after 8 weeks of age declines, and the weight growth rate of the hen after 7 weeks of age declines, according to economic benefits Should be slaughtered separately. Therefore, it is best to use male and female bred groups to feed broilers. After the male and female broilers are grouped, the ration level can be adjusted separately to better improve feed utilization.
Limiting and controlling water To prevent the broiler from growing too fast, it is possible to properly control the material before 20 days of age to prevent broiler ascites syndrome, sudden death syndrome and other nutrient metabolic diseases. In the later period, 1-2% of garlic can be added to the feed, which can prevent enteritis and promote feed intake, and shorten the number of feeding days. During the onset of the flock, when treating infections such as Escherichia coli, viral diseases, coccidiosis, and other systemic septic diseases, the water can be controlled for 0.5-2 hours before administration. In addition, when the chickens are immunized with drinking water, they can control the water for 2-4 hours. Of course, the duration of the water control should also refer to the age of the chickens, the season, the growing situation, and the half-life of the drugs.
Replacing the broiler too quickly can cause diarrhea in the broiler, causing dehydration of the body, increasing the ratio of feed to meat, and even causing disease. The "transitional refueling method" is now described as follows: Suppose that A is the front material and B is the back material, both of which include different periods or different batches of feed.
The first method: 2/3 of the A material plus 1/3 of the B material is mixed and fed for 1-2 days; 1/2 of the A material plus 1/2 of the B material is mixed and fed for 1-2 days; 1/3 The A feed plus 2/3 B feed is mixed for 1-2 days and then feeds B.
The second method: 2/3 of the A material plus 1/3 of the B material is mixed and fed for 2-3 days; 1/3 of the A material plus 2/3 of the B material are mixed and fed for 2-3 days, and then the whole feed is performed. B material.
The third way: 1/2 of the A material plus 1/2 B material is mixed and fed for 3-7 days, and then the entire B material is fed.
Feeding by means of a transitional feed is one of the ways to reduce refueling stress.
The high drug costs of single chickens in broiler chicken farming in rural areas are closely related to the unscientific and unreasonable use of drugs. Mainly in the following areas:
1 single administration, ignoring the joint application of drugs;
2 If the dose is too small, the therapeutic effect is not achieved, and if the dose is too large or the use time is too long, it will cause drug poisoning.
3 lack of treatment, frequent dressing changes;
4 neglected the incompatibility of drugs;
5 blind drug administration, reducing the efficacy or poisoning;
6 The half-life of the drug is neglected and the drinking time is too long, which reduces the effect of the drug;
7 do not understand the drug ingredients, repeat medication;
8 ignore alternate medications;
9 The long-term use of the same drug leads to drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms and delays the timing of treatment.
In addition, with the development of human civilization and economy, people are paying more and more attention to food safety issues. Therefore, we must pay attention to the withdrawal period of drugs used before broilers are put on the market to prevent the occurrence of drug residues.
Environmental control should pay attention to the governance of the chicken farm environment. The harsh environment is the main cause of many diseases. With the prolongation of the chicken house time, the environment is becoming more and more serious. If you do not pay attention to environmental governance, it will eventually threaten the health of commercial chickens. Therefore, the chicken farm must pay attention to the management of the environment, in particular, it should do a good job of the harmless treatment of sewage, chicken excrement, chicken culling, and dead chickens. While paying attention to environmental governance, it is also necessary to pay attention to the control of the internal and external environment of the chicken house. The temperature, humidity, light, ventilation, density, dust, and the content of microorganisms in the house can all affect the growth and development of broilers. In addition, many infectious diseases of chickens can be transmitted through the air. Therefore, sterilization of poultry sprays inside and outside the chicken house has become a necessary health and disease prevention measure in many chicken farms.
Disinfection of the chicken house and the environment before disinfection into the chicken is still an important part of the purification. The commonly used disinfectants generally contain formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide, chlorine, or complexed iodine. In the normal use of the following errors often exist:
1 Only use surface disinfection, neglecting fumigation;
2 For fumigation, only formaldehyde was used to reduce the fumigation effect.
3 neglected to properly increase the temperature and humidity in the house;
4 Ignoring the sun and fumigation of litter;
5 Use a disinfectant for a long period of time. In the usual feeding and management process, especially during the onset of flocking, care should be taken with chicken spray disinfection and environmental disinfection outside the house.
In addition, the disinfection of drinking water for chickens, sinks, and disinfection tanks cannot be ignored.
Pay attention to the growth period
1. Pay attention to the premature dewarming of the dewarming time, which will affect the growth and development and can easily induce the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the de-warm time based on the season, the weather, and the health status of the flock.
2. To improve the environmental hygiene of broiler broilers enter the breeding period, their feed intake, drinking water volume is also gradually increasing, excretion is also gradually increased, resulting in more serious environmental pollution, it must be timely removal of excrement, litter, Do a good job of sanitization to prevent bacteria and viruses from multiplying and multiplying, posing a threat to chickens.

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