Cardiovascular:
Relating to the
circulatory system, which comprises the heart and blood vessels and carries
nutrients and oxygen to the tissues of the body and removes carbon dioxide and
other wastes from them. Cardiovascular diseases are conditions that affect the
heart and blood vessels and include arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease,
heart valve disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, orthostatic
hypotension, shock, endocarditis, diseases of the aorta and its branches, disorders
of the peripheral vascular system, and congenital heart disease.Related Products:cardiovascular drugs.
Urinary:
For the treatment
ofl some diseases of the urinary system.
Different
specialists treat urinary system ailments. Nephrologists treat kidney diseases,
while urologists treat problems with the urinary tract, including the kidneys,
adrenal glands, ureters, bladder and urethra, according to the American
Urological Association (AUA). Urologists also treat the male reproductive
organs, while gynecologists often treat urinary diseases or disorders in
females, including yeast infections. Nephrologists and urologists often work
with endocrinologists or oncologists, depending on the disease.
Urinary tract
infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria enters the urinary tract and can affect
the urethra, bladder or even the kidneys. While UTIs are more common in women,
they can occur in men. UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics, according
to Dr. Oscar Aguirre, a urogynecologist in Denver.
Incontinence is another
common disease of the urinary system. It can come in the form of a pelvic
prolapse, which can result in leakage and can be the result of a vaginal
delivery. Then there is the overactive bladder, [which we see a lot and is not
related to having children or trauma," Aguirre said. A third condition involves
overflow, in which the bladder does not completely empty.
Some common
treatments involve medications, physical therapy and pelvic mesh surgery,
Aguirre noted. Vaginal laser surgery is also becoming a viable treatment
option, he explained. [In another 10 to 15 years, vaginal laser surgery will be
another common option for the treatment of urinary conditions."
Interstitial
cystitis (IC), also called painful bladder syndrome, is a chronic bladder
condition, primarily in women, that causes bladder pressure and pain and,
sometimes, pelvic pain to varying degrees, according to the Mayo Clinic. It can
cause bladder scarring, and can make the bladder less elastic. While the cause
isn`t known, many people with the condition also have a defect in their
epithelium, the protective lining of the bladder.
Prostatitis is a
swelling of the prostate gland and, therefore, can only occur in men. Often
caused by advanced age, symptoms include urinary urgency and frequency, pelvic
pain and pain during urination, the Mayo Clinic noted.
Kidney stones are
clumps of calcium oxalate that can be found anywhere in the urinary tract. Kidney
stones form when chemicals in the urine become concentrated enough to form a
solid mass, according to the Cleveland Clinic. They can cause pain in the back
and sides, as well as blood in the urine. Many kidney stones can be treated
with minimally invasive therapy, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,
which disintegrates the kidney stones with shock waves.
Kidney failure,
also called renal failure and chronic kidney disease, can be a temporary (often
acute) condition or can become a chronic condition resulting in the inability
of the kidneys to filter waste from the blood. Other conditions, such as
diabetes and hypertension, can cause chronic kidney disease, according to the
Mayo Clinic. Acute cases may be caused by trauma or other damage, and may
improve over time with treatment. However, renal disease may lead to chronic
kidney failure, which may require dialysis treatments or even a kidney
transplant.
Bladder cancer is
diagnosed in about 75,000 Americans each year and is more frequent in men and
the elderly according to the American Cancer Society. The symptoms, including
back or pelvic pain, difficulty urinating and urgent/and or frequent urination,
mimic other diseases or disorders of the urinary system.
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Pepper common virus diseases and prevention
The viral disease of pepper is the main catastrophic disease in the production of pepper, causing the pepper to fall, fall, and drop fruit easily. Since the 1970s, the number of pepper virus diseases has been increasing. The rate of reduction in production has reached 30%-70%, and the severe harvest has caused severe effects on the production of peppers. I. Viral Disease Symptoms Due to the different types of poisonous sources, the symptoms of the virus are different. The symptoms include light mosaics, heavy mosaics, yellowing, necrosis, and malformations. 1. Mild chlorosis of light mosaic disease occurs at the beginning of a slight chlorosis, or dense, light green and mottled, and the diseased plant has no obvious malformation or dwarf, no defoliation, no deformed leaves. 2. In addition to chlorotic mottles, heavy floral leaves also show morphological changes of leaf veins, uneven foliage, or formation of linear leaves, slow growth, thin fruit and the appearance of different linear spots, dwarfing serious. 3, yellowing leaves significantly yellow, fallen leaves. 4. The necrotic tissue becomes brown and necrotic, or shows stripe spots, necrotic mottled spots, ring spots, and dead spots of growing points. 5, deformation of deformity strains, there is a phenomenon of deformity, such as the leaves become linear leaves, that is, fern leaves; or plant dwarf, branching very much, was plexiform. In the production of pepper, several symptoms often occur at the same time, causing the "three-fall" phenomenon of falling leaves, falling flowers and falling fruit, which seriously affects the yield and quality of pepper. Second, virus virus source China has reported 9 kinds of pepper virus virus sources, including cucumber mosaic virus, tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus Y, tobacco etching virus, potato X virus, alfalfa mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus, tobacco crisp The virus was identified in some areas as peppery mottle virus. China's cucumber mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus are the dominant virus sources with the highest incidence, most widespread distribution and greatest harm. The dynamics of the main pathogenic viruses in the field is that tobacco mosaic virus has an early onset and the incidence rate is high before mid-June. After the middle of June, the cucumber mosaic virus gradually rises, and the peak incidence occurs from late July to mid-August. Inflict greater harm. Third, the transmission of pepper virus transmission of the main ways there are two, one is the spread of insects, such as locust transmission; the other is contact with the spread, such as mechanical friction, human contact. Rely on insects to spread the virus is mainly cucumber mosaic virus, and tobacco mosaic virus mainly spread by mechanical friction, human contact, pepper seeds and soil can also spread the virus, but not the main route of transmission. IV. Onset conditions The incidence of pepper virus disease is related to climatic conditions and the density of aphids. Under conditions of high temperature, drought, and strong sunshine intensity, the ability of peppers to resist disease is reduced, and the occurrence and reproduction of aphids are also promoted, resulting in the development of hot peppers. Viral disease occurs severely; onset of late colonization or planting on low-lying, soil-inferior plots of pepper is also more serious; with continuous cropping of solanaceous vegetables, the incidence is also serious; resistance among pepper varieties is not the same, generally sharp The incidence of pepper is lower and the incidence of sweet peppers is higher. V. Chemical control Prevention and control of chili pepper virus disease is generally based on the selection of disease-resistant varieties, focusing on agricultural control, timely eradication of mediators (aphids), chemical control as a supplement of prevention and control strategies. However, the dependence on chemical control measures in actual production is still very strong. 1, grams of disease Ling: Use 34.5-52.5 grams of active ingredients per acre, spray; 2, bacteria poison clear: use active ingredients per acre 187.5-281.25 grams, or 166-250 microliter / liter spray; 3, Jinye Bao: Use 200-250 grams of active ingredients per acre, spray; 4, Ning Nanmycin: Use 90-125 grams of active ingredients per acre, spray; 5, Fertile virus fear: Use 400-600 grams of active ingredients per acre, spray. In addition, the following pharmaceutical reports are also used for the prevention and control of chili virus disease, which has a good control effect. 1.83 Increasing agent: Use 900-1500 grams of active ingredient per acre, spray; 2, Antitoxic agent No. 1: Use 12.45-18.75 grams of active ingredient per acre, spray; 3. Virus A: Use active ingredient 499.5- 750 grams, spray; 4, plant disease spirit: per acre using the active ingredient 11.25-16.5 grams, spray.