Virus-free spring potato (film-covered) cultivation techniques

(1) Adapting measures to local conditions and selecting good varieties: Virus-free seed potatoes have the advantages of no virus, high emergence rate, uniform growth, and increased production by more than 30%. Currently, the virus-free potato varieties suitable for planting in our city include Dongnong 303 and Hunan Potato 1 No. (premature), E potato 5 (middle cooked) and so on.

(2) Fine soil preparation and ridging cultivation: Potatoes are shallow root tuber crops that are not resistant to continuous cropping. If they are afraid of waterlogging, they must choose not to plant potatoes and other solanaceous crops within three years. The terrain is flat, there are irrigation conditions, and drainage is good. Deep, loose and breathable sandy loam. After the harvest, 50 mu of bar fertilizer is used after harvesting, and 25 kg of compound fertilizer is poured into the soil as a base fertilizer. Before the sowing, the ditch is 10 cm deep, the ditch width is 40 cm, and the car width is 2 m for the ridge, and each car is connected with a 0.5 m spacing for 4 rows. , Planting distance 25 centimeters, about 4400 feet per acre, open well 20-30 centimeters deep ditch and waist ditch.

(3) Timely sowing, mulching: Seed potatoes before sowing are cut to 20-25 g (20-25 pieces per kilogram), leaving 2-3 buds per piece (cut into four squares, do not cut into thin slices. Shape), dry and cut dry water after the incision mixed with ash in the winter solstice (December late) sowing, the amount of 150 kg per mu, mu 25 kg of phosphorus mixed with soil and ash fertilizer 20 points as a fertilizer, after sowing Cover fine soil. In the first half of January, after mulching five to seven kilograms of urea and potash fertilizers and dripping with water, the surface of the car was tiled and mulched (about 10 kilograms per mu), and the soil was pressed around the membrane with crushed soil.

(4) Anti-drought and drought-proof due to seedling management: After the seedlings are unearthed in mid-late and late period, they will be allowed to grow in the interior of the film. When the seedlings grow to more than 15 cm at the end of February and early March, the membranes will be withdrawn when the temperature rises to around 10°C. Reuse) If the seedlings are unearthed in the late February, when the seedlings are unearthed, the seedlings will be pulled out of the membrane by hand, and the seedlings will be pulled out of the membrane by hand and sealed with smashed soil. During the whole reproductive period, the membranes are found to have cracks and timely sealed with soil to prevent the growth of weeds. Drought in the early and late January and when the soil is dry, the soil in the ditch is wet and the soil is dry. When the mulching film is not covered, 90% of the mulching film will be ploughed once. At the same time, 10 kg of urea will be irrigated with urea to raise the seedlings, and soil will be 2-4 cm. 20 centimeters, weaving and weeding once again, before the bud with 10 kg of urea dripping with water and dripping for the joint potato fertilizer, Shenglei after cultivating soil once again), in March every time after heavy rain to clear the drain drain water.

(5) Spraying paclobutrazol to prevent and treat diseases and pests: seedlings with long internodes, large leaves, tender and weak branches and shoots, and mussels with 15% paclobutrazol (50 grams) diluted to 50 kilograms of foliar spray; 10% imidacloprid was found for locusts. 20 grams of water 60 kg spray control; found seven-spot ladybirds with 25% of insecticide double 150 grams of water control of 50 kilograms; found late blight (starting at the tip or leaf edge light brown lesions, lesions outside the yellow When the humidity is high, the lesions are enlarged, the leaves are immersed in water and green spots, and white fog is present outside the spots). The net use of agricultural streptomycin, anti-drywing, or downy mildew control is detected; the occurrence of bacterial wilt (onset) The main stem or individual shoots suddenly wilted and withered, the other stems and leaves temporarily grew normally, and soon the whole plant withered). The diseased plants were either watered with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or completely removed and the diseased plants were burned and disinfected with quicklime.

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