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Striped spotted shark artificial breeding technology
Chiloscyllium plagiosum, commonly known as the dog shark or striped bamboo shark, is a species of cartilaginous fish belonging to the family Hemiscylliidae. Native to the South China Sea and parts of the East China Sea, this small warm-water shark is highly valued for its high-protein muscle, which offers both culinary and medicinal benefits. It is also popular as an ornamental fish and has significant market potential. In recent years, efforts have been made to develop artificial breeding techniques for this species to reduce pressure on wild populations and promote sustainable aquaculture.
The Zhanjiang Aquatic Technology Extension Center in Guangdong Province collaborated with Zhanjiang Donghai Nanda Aquaculture Co., Ltd. to conduct artificial breeding trials using naturally captured striped bamboo sharks as broodstock. The project successfully hatched larvae and cultured them in shrimp ponds, demonstrating promising results for future commercial development.
The breeding process began with the selection of 80 healthy adult sharks (50 females and 30 males) with average lengths of 74 cm and weights of 2.2 kg. These broodstock were reared in specially designed cement tanks equipped with filtration, aeration, and water circulation systems. The environment was carefully controlled to ensure optimal conditions, including filtered seawater with a specific gravity above 1.016, pH around 8.4, and dissolved oxygen levels maintained above 5 mg/L.
Broodstock were acclimated for several weeks before being introduced into breeding pools. During this time, they were fed a balanced diet of oysters, squid, sandworms, and small fish, while maintaining good water quality through regular cleaning and partial water changes. Vitamins and beneficial microorganisms were added to their feed to enhance health and reproductive performance.
Artificial breeding was initiated by simulating natural environmental cues such as light, temperature, and salinity. Mating occurred within 30 days of intensive feeding, typically at night. Fertilized eggs were collected from spawning pools and transferred to hatcheries where they were incubated for over 30 days. Newly hatched larvae, measuring 11–15 cm, were initially nourished by yolk sacs and gradually transitioned to live feeds like brine shrimp and small crustaceans.
Juvenile sharks were then moved to nursery ponds, where they were closely monitored and fed a variety of food sources to meet their nutritional needs. Water quality was maintained through regular aeration, partial water exchanges, and the use of probiotics. Disease prevention was prioritized, with minimal use of chemicals and a focus on maintaining a stable aquatic ecosystem.
After six months of growth in shrimp ponds, the first batch of juvenile sharks reached an average length of 45 cm and weight of 530 g. The overall survival rate was high, and the fish showed no signs of disease or stress, indicating the success of the breeding program.
This breakthrough demonstrates the feasibility of cultivating Chiloscyllium plagiosum in coastal aquaculture systems, particularly in shrimp ponds. It not only helps conserve wild shark populations but also provides an economically viable alternative for fish farmers. With further research and large-scale implementation, this species could become a key player in sustainable marine aquaculture.