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Lily pest control measures
(1) Crop rotation over a three-year period is essential when planting lilies on sloped land. It is recommended to plant from the bottom up, which helps minimize the spread of pathogens and reduces disease risk.
(2) Use only disease-free bulbs that are free from mechanical damage and have not been infected by nematodes or bacteria. This ensures a healthier start for the lily plants and lowers the chances of infection later on.
(3) Burn all crop residues, pests, and debris in the field to eliminate potential disease and pest sources. Apply well-fermented organic fertilizer to the lower layers of the soil to improve soil structure and nutrient availability.
(4) Implement deep ditching and drainage systems to manage soil moisture effectively. Proper drainage prevents waterlogging, which can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
(5) Soak the bulbs in a disinfectant solution before planting to eliminate any existing pests or pathogens. Mix 20% broomrape wettable powder diluted at 4000 times with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted at 1000 times. Soak the bulbs for 3–5 minutes (shorten to 3 minutes if the temperature exceeds 30°C). This step helps sterilize the bulbs and prevent early infections.
(6) Chemical control is crucial during the growing season. According to experimental results, applying chemical treatments at key stages significantly improves disease prevention and management. At planting time, apply 10% zinc-phosphorus granules per acre, mixed with 5 kg of 2% dexamethasone wettable powder or 0.5 kg of 50% thiophanate-methyl WP. Incorporate the mixture into the soil before sowing, cover the area, and proceed with planting.
In mid-April, spray a mixture of 20% broomrape wettable powder diluted at 3000 times or 40% water phosphorin emulsion diluted at 1500 times, combined with 5% bacterial toxin water agent diluted at 300 times or 50% dixyozon WP diluted at 700 times. Apply the treatment when the soil is dry and not waterlogged, and make sure to loosen the topsoil before application for better absorption. This should be done 2–3 times, with an interval of 15–20 days. Begin spraying protection once the lily shoots emerge, and continue for about 15 days, applying the treatment 6–7 times in total. Additionally, 50% mancozeb WP can be used at a dilution of 700 times, and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 700 times for broad-spectrum protection.