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Lily pest control measures
(1) Crop rotation over a three-year period is essential when planting lilies on sloped land. It is recommended to plant from the bottom of the slope upward, which helps minimize the spread of pathogens and reduces disease risk.
(2) Use disease-free bulbs that are free from mechanical damage and have been sourced from healthy alfalfa fields. This practice significantly lowers the chances of bacterial and mite infestations.
(3) Burn all crop residues, pests, and debris in the field to eliminate disease and pest sources. Apply well-fermented organic fertilizer to the lower layers of the soil to enhance nutrient availability and improve soil health.
(4) Implement deep ditch systems for sorghum cultivation and ensure proper drainage by creating drainage ditches. Controlling soil moisture levels is crucial to prevent waterlogging and reduce the likelihood of root diseases.
(5) Perform bulb immersion disinfection before planting. Soak the bulbs in a mixture of 20% broomrape wettable powder diluted 4000 times and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 1000 times for 3–5 minutes. If the temperature exceeds 30°C, reduce the soaking time to 3 minutes. This process effectively sterilizes the bulbs and prevents fungal infections.
(6) Chemical control plays a critical role in disease management. According to field trials and inspections, applying chemical treatments during sowing is highly effective. Mix 10% zinc-phosphorus granules per acre with 5 kg of 2% dexamethasone wettable powder or 0.5 kg of 50% thiophanate-methyl WP, then incorporate it into the soil before planting. After sowing, cover the soil properly. In mid-April, apply a mixture of 20% broomrape wettable powder diluted 3000 times or 40% phosphorothioic acid emulsion diluted 1500 times, combined with 5% bacteria poison water agent diluted 300 times or 50% diniconazole WP diluted 700 times. Apply the treatment when the soil is dry and sunny or cloudy, and loosen the topsoil before application to ensure effectiveness. A total of 2–3 applications are recommended, with intervals of 15–20 days. Begin spraying protection once the lily shoots emerge, and continue for 6–7 consecutive sprays. Additionally, 50% mancozeb WP can be used at a dilution of 700 times, and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 700 times for broad-spectrum protection.