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How to prevent and treat cotton blind ticks
Cotton aphids are among the most destructive pests affecting cotton crops. Both adult and nymph stages feed on the tips, young leaves, buds, and bolls of cotton plants, causing significant damage. This feeding can lead to scorched and darkened top buds in seedlings, resulting in twisted growth of branches and leaves. The affected leaves may become deformed, while young buds and bolls often fall off, greatly reducing both plant development and overall yield.
These aphids are attracted to light and thrive in dense cotton fields. They prefer warm and humid conditions, with optimal temperatures ranging between 20°C and 30°C and relative humidity around 80%. However, when temperatures drop below 11°C or rise above 35°C, egg hatching is significantly reduced. Heavy rainfall during July and August also promotes their population growth. After a rainy day or irrigation, aphid damage tends to spike quickly, especially in fields near green manure or weeds, where infestations are more severe.
To manage cotton aphids effectively, farmers should adopt an integrated approach. One key strategy is balanced fertilization—using a proper ratio of NPK fertilizers combined with organic and biological supplements. Excessive nitrogen application should be avoided, as it can encourage excessive vegetative growth, making plants more vulnerable to infestation. Another important measure is the timely removal of crop residues, dead leaves, and weeds from the field.
When the population reaches a threshold—such as 5% to 10% of new plants showing infestation, or 100 plants containing 10 or more adults or nymphs—it's time to apply insecticides. Recommended options include 30% acephate EC, 48% chlorpyrifos EC, or 20% fenvalerate EC. Dilute the insecticide at a ratio of 1:1500 to 1:2000 and spray evenly. It's best to spray in the evening, ensuring thorough coverage by starting from the outer edges and moving inward. Repeat the treatment every seven days for effective control.