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Long bean is a key to high yield, disease prevention and pest control
The long growth period of long beans coincides with the hot and rainy season, making it a high-risk time for diseases and pests. If proper management is not maintained, the quality and yield of the beans can significantly decline. To ensure both product safety and quality, prevention and control should primarily focus on agricultural practices, with chemical measures used as a supplementary approach.
**First, Rust**
Rust typically occurs from August to September, affecting the leaves. Initially, yellow-green spots appear on the upper surface, while small, raised spots develop on the underside. As the disease progresses, these spots turn reddish-brown and eventually black, causing the leaves to scorch and fall off.
Prevention methods include:
1. Ensuring good drainage in the field to prevent waterlogging.
2. Removing crop residues after harvest and using fully decomposed organic manure.
3. Seed treatment with 1% potassium permanganate or 100 times diluted formalin, or coating seeds with 50% carbendazim at 0.3–0.4%.
4. Spraying with 75% Daktacort (1000x) or 10% Shigeo (2000x) every 2–3 days.
**Second, Virus Disease**
Symptoms include mosaic patterns, yellow spots, leaf curling, stunted growth, and failure to flower or even wilting.
Control measures:
1. Frequent watering during dry and hot periods to maintain humidity.
2. Removing weeds to eliminate virus transmission vectors.
3. Using insecticides like 10% imidacloprid (2000–3000x) to control aphids, and applying virus inhibitors such as virus A or Zhiling Ling once symptoms appear.
**Third, Anthracnose**
This disease appears as reddish-brown to black-brown spots on the leaf veins, red sunken areas on petioles, brown dots on pods, and pinkish edges on lesions.
Control methods:
1. Improving cultivation practices, such as proper planting density, adding organic fertilizer, and applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
2. Spraying with 25% Amisida, 10% Shigao, or 75% Miconazole, alternating between products and applying 3–4 times.
**Fourth, Bean Pod Borer**
The larvae of this pest feed on tender pods, flowers, and stems, causing premature dropping of flowers and fruits. The larvae also damage mature beans, leading to rot after rain. They are active at night and hide during the day.
Control strategies:
1. Removing fallen flowers and damaged leaves to reduce pest populations.
2. Setting up black light traps to attract and kill adult moths.
3. Spraying with 5% Ruijinte (2000x), 40% fenvalerate (6000x), or 2.5% deltamethrin (3000x), every 10 days, ensuring even coverage.
**Fifth, Leaf Miner**
The larvae tunnel through the leaves, leaving only the upper and lower epidermis, which disrupts plant growth.
Control methods:
1. Using light traps to catch adult moths.
2. Spraying the underside of leaves where eggs are laid.
3. Applying 48% Loester EC (800–1000x) when larvae first appear, repeating 2–3 times.
**Sixth, Red Spider**
Red spider infestations peak from August to September. Infested leaves become easily defoliated. When an outbreak occurs, a pesticide barrier should be created around the affected area and thoroughly sprayed to prevent spread.
Pesticides such as peony, petroleone, or avermectin (e.g., abamectin) can be used. Apply 10% EC at 50–100 ml per acre, mixed with 1000–1500 times water, ensuring uniform coverage.