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Jin Guangju (with photos)
Rudbeckia is a genus of the Asteraceae family, commonly known as coneflowers. These are perennial herbs typically cultivated for 1 to 2 years, though they can sometimes persist longer under favorable conditions. They feature rough foliage and can grow up to 2 meters in height, with multiple branches. The base leaves are pinnately divided, usually with 5 to 7 lobes, while the stem leaves are 3 to 5-lobed and have sparse serrations along the edges.
The plant produces one or several flower heads on long stems. Each flower consists of a central tubular part and surrounding ray flowers that are lance-shaped, drooping, and about 3 cm long, with a bright golden-yellow color. The tubular flowers are yellow-green in hue. Rudbeckia blooms from July through September, offering a long flowering period.
This genus includes various species such as the Coneflower (Echinacea), the toothed-leaved Coneflower, the double-leaf Coneflower, and the showy Coneflower. These plants are known for their strong adaptability, thriving in both cold and dry conditions. They are not particular about soil type and are easy to grow. In the Shanghai region, they can be cultivated successfully and maintain their desirable traits for many years.
For best growth, choose well-drained sandy loam soil and a sunny, well-ventilated location. Propagation can be done in spring or autumn, either by seed or transplanting. Before flowering, applying liquid fertilizer and keeping the soil consistently moist will promote better blooming. However, careful water management is important—overwatering can lead to tall, weak plants prone to lodging, while controlled watering helps maintain a compact and sturdy growth habit.
Rudbeckia is widely used in garden design, particularly the larger varieties, which are ideal for flower beds, borders, or naturalistic grass edges. The golden daisy, a common variety, is often planted in public green spaces, such as parks and streets, where it adds vibrant color and visual interest. It is especially well-suited to the climate of Shanghai, with its long flowering display and minimal leaf drop, making it a popular choice for urban landscaping.