Strange columbian flowers


Also known as the Columbine, Western Columbine, or Aquilegia, this is a perennial flowering plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. It typically grows between 40 cm and 60 cm tall, with rhombic or broadly rhombic leaflets that have wavy, crenate edges. The upper surface of the leaves is smooth, while the lower side is sparsely hairy. The flowers are arranged in cymose inflorescences, featuring five petals with curved margins. The blossoms hang gracefully, with a diameter of about 5 cm. They bloom from May through August, and come in a wide range of colors including white, yellow, red, blue, and purple. The fruit is a follicle, containing smooth black seeds.

Columbines are native to Europe and have been introduced and cultivated worldwide, including in China. This plant is highly resilient, cold-tolerant, and prefers cool conditions, making it sensitive to high summer temperatures. It thrives in well-drained, sandy loam soils rich in organic matter and requires consistent moisture. Propagation can be done through runners (ramets) or by sowing seeds. When propagating via runners, it's best to do so before or after the early spring growth begins. Seed propagation is most effective in spring and autumn. Before planting, it’s important to apply a base fertilizer to enrich the soil. In northern regions where spring is dry, watering 4 to 5 times per month is recommended. During the summer, provide shade or plant in partially shaded areas to protect the plants from excessive heat. Avoid waterlogging during the growing season, and after heavy rains, ensure proper drainage to prevent the plants from falling over. Pruning should be done regularly to improve air circulation. Once the seedlings reach 30 to 40 cm in height, pinching them back helps control their growth. As winter approaches, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and in colder regions, water thoroughly before the first frost and mound soil around the base of the plant to enhance its ability to survive the winter.

The Columbine is a striking and elegant flower with a unique shape and a wide variety of colors. Its long blooming period makes it an excellent choice for perennial gardens. It is often planted under trees in woodland gardens, or used in flower beds, borders, and as cut flowers. Horticulturists have also developed large-flowered and double-flowered varieties to further enhance its ornamental appeal and versatility in landscaping.

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