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Green shed and potato cultivation techniques in greenhouses
(1) Hey. Also known as parsley, coriander, camphor, etc., it is rich in nutrients and unique in flavor. The market demand has increased dramatically in recent years and it has become one of the main green leafy vegetables to be supplied in winter and spring. 1 Selection of varieties: There are not many varieties of alfalfa, which can basically be used for greenhouse cultivation. Such as alfalfa, white flowers, etc. 2 Fertilization for soil preparation: Choose fertile soil with strong fertility and fertility, deepen the land before sowing, and apply organic fertilizer as base fertilizer. About 3,000 kilograms of high-quality soil miscellaneous fertilizer is applied per acre, or 2000 kg of human waste is used as a base fertilizer. After the soil is mixed, the soil is crushed and leveled. A 4 to 6-meter wide shed is used as two sorghum. 3 Seeding: Generally, it can be planted from October to mid-November, and harvested from late November to March. The wolfberry seed is actually a double-suspended fruit with two seeds inside. Before the sowing, the rind is crushed and the seeds are smashed to separate the seeds so that the seedlings are evenly distributed. After the seed is split, the seed can be sown, or it can be sowed after germination. The germination sowing can be started 7 to 10 days earlier and the seedlings are neat. The specific method is: soak the seeds with water for 12-24 hours, remove and control the purified water after dipping, put the gauze bag when the peel is not wet, put the wet sack, put it at 20 °C, and turn it every day. ~ 2 times, 3 to 4 days, once, and 8 to 10 days, buds will emerge. The scent disappears after the seeds germinate, so the germination process can be judged accordingly. Snap mulch film before planting. Sowing methods are mostly used for sowing. Before sowing, carefully rinse the surface and fully apply water. After the water is infiltrated, spread a thin layer of soil on the surface and then evenly sow the soil to a thickness of about 1 cm. 4 Management after sowing. The seedlings were unearthed slowly, and the seedlings grew slowly at the initial stage. After sowing, the soil was kept moist and did not stand out. The seedlings would be neat, and the seedlings could be unearthed after 7 to 8 days. The growth period of pods is short and the top dressing is timely. The seedling height can be increased by about 2 cm, but at this time, the seedlings are small, delicate, and it is not suitable to apply manure water. Nitrogen fertilizer can be applied with water and the seedlings can be cultivated and weeded when the height is 3 to 4 cm. And sparse seedlings, watering seedling stage should not be too much, when the seedlings height of about 10 cm, into the vigorous growth season should be watering, to keep the surface moisture of the soil, combined with watering fertilizer 1 to 2 times, more rapid nitrogen fertilizer. Cockroaches are vegetables that prefer cold, have strong cold-resistance, and are able to withstand low temperatures of -1 to -12°C. The optimum temperature for growth is 15 to 18°C. Slow growth occurs at temperatures exceeding 20°C and stops at temperatures above 30°C. The temperature management of winter sheds in greenhouses is to strengthen ventilation in the early stage, maintain greenhouse temperatures no higher than 25 °C during the day, pay attention to insulation and cold protection in the later period, maintain shelf temperature 15 to 20 °C during the day, not less than 5 °C at night, to facilitate growth, multiple coverage can be used to promote growth . 5 pest control. The pod disease is mainly leaf blight, and the control can be used in the initial stage of disease with 65% dexamethasone 600 times solution or 0% thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution, alternately sprayed 2-3 times every 7 days. Insect pests are mainly locusts and should be sprayed and controlled in time. 6 harvest. About 45 days after the winter sowing in the greenhouse, when the seedling height is 15 to 20 centimeters, it can be harvested and harvested. Once harvested, the fertilized water can be used once to promote growth, and a total of 3 to 4 harvests can be obtained per mu. About kilograms. (2) Artichokes. Artichokes are also known as parsley, pancake, pandan, and celery. Green leaves and fresh green leaves are indispensable seasoning dishes in Western cuisine. They can be used as side dish decorations, raw food, and aromatic flavors. In recent years, they have been cultivated in Guangdong, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other places. Economic and social benefits have been remarkable. . 1 species selection. There are two types of leafy and wrinkled leaf types. At present, there are many species cultivated in various places, such as Paramout. Wait. 2 sowing seedlings. Cultivation of greenhouses in the Yangtze River valley can be started live or nursery in June. Seedlings are planted in early September and harvested in November. They have been receiving convulsions before flowering in May of the following year. When sowing is in high temperature and rainy season, it is necessary to pay attention to shading, cooling, and moisturizing. It is advisable to raise the seedlings under the shade shelters and shade nets. If using seedlings for seedlings, it is ideal. Prepare seedbeds before sowing. Bed and land should be convenient for drainage and irrigation, soil should be loose and fertile, and 2,000 kg of decomposed manure, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 100 kg of plant ash should be applied per acre, and then the soil should be tamped and flattened to make the bed deep. Before seeding, seedbeds are soaked with water and planted in a uniform manner. 13 to 15 grams of seed per acre of field are needed, requiring 6 to 7 square meters of seedbeds. After sowing, cover a layer of fine soil to cover no seeds for the degree, cover the straw or shade net, keep warm and cool, promote seedlings, timely remove the ground cover after emergence, watering sooner or later, generally no longer fertilize the bed, seedlings 5 ​​~ 6 true leaves can be planted into the production field. 3 Site preparation. Before transplanting ploughing basal fertilizer, apply 2000-3000 kg of manure per acre, 1000 kg of manure, 25 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of plant ash, and plow after soil mixing, 4 to 6 meters wide shed for two sorghums . The regenerative ability of the artichoke root is strong, and the seedling age can be varied. The actual planting can be based on the condition of the greenhouse. The planting of the young seedlings is appropriate. The plant spacing is 15 cm, the row spacing is 20 cm, and the planting density is 18,000 plants per mu. 4 greenhouse management. Amaranth prefers a warm and cool climate. The optimum temperature for growth is 15-20 °C. Freezing in the long term is lower than 1 °C. Greenhouse cultivation from the end of October to mid-November, the temperature dropped significantly, in time to buckle the film, sunny midday shed temperature can be appropriate cooling ventilation, to the cold in the winter when the shed to take a small shed insulation or direct coverage of non-woven insulation. 5 fertilizer water management. The Chinese wolfberry is moist and moist. Pay attention to watering during the entire growth period to keep the soil more moist, but not water. After planting, water should be poured to live. After about 3 days, the seedlings will survive and the new leaf will germinate within 7 days. At this time, the soil should be kept moist and drought should be avoided. During the prosperous period of leaf development, perennial irrigating once every 10 days, in addition to watering, appropriate amount of fertilizer should be applied, 3.0 kg of urea should be applied per acre or 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed on the leaves, and fertilization should be continued after harvesting. Promote growth. 6 tillage weeding. Due to the frequent emergence of soil compaction due to watering and fertilization, attention should be paid to the cultivating loose soil and weeding. The cultivator should be shallow and can't injure the root system. Generally, it should be carried out after harvesting to facilitate the operation. 7 pest control. Frequent diseases include spot disease, which can be treated with 400-fold Daisen's zinc solution. Under high temperature and fertilizer-losing conditions, it is also prone to physiological diseases. For example, boron deficiency can cause fissure stem disease, etc. % borax solution. 8 harvest. Three to four months after sowing, when the plant grows to 12 leaves, the leaves can be picked. Generally, the leaves from the outside are collected in order. The experience in the suburbs of Suzhou is: 4-5 functional leaves are left in the heart, and the selected leaves are picked and harvested once every 10 days and 2 tablets are picked each time. When picking the base to leave petiole 0.5 ~ 1 cm long, should not take off the handle and hurt the plant. Yield per acre is about 2000 kg. The commodity leaf should be bundled and packaged according to the standard, and the trademark should be sold in a timely manner. Wrap with plastic wrap to prevent dehydration and wilting of the leaves and maintain a beautiful appearance. The long-distance transportation also needs to be loaded into a plastic turnover box, put a proper amount of crushed ice cubes to cool and keep fresh, and transport it with a warming car (cold RV).