Catfish tails? Introduction and breeding

Ictalurus punctatus, also known as American fish, gully, and river clam, is a large freshwater mussel, belonging to the order Diptera, Amaranthidae. Its largest individual is 35 kg.
The survival temperature of the catfish tail was 0-38°C, the optimum temperature for growth was 5~35°C, the optimum growth temperature was 15~32°C, the requirement for dissolved oxygen in water was more than 3mg/L, and the optimum pH was 6~8.9. pH 6.8-7.5; adapted salinity range is 0.1-8. The fish is omnivorous and likes to eat in low light conditions. Juveniles mainly feed on aquatic insects. Adult fish feed on benthic animals, small trash fish, shrimps, aquatic insects, algae, and organic debris. Feeding commodity feeds under captive conditions.
The catfish is large in size, contains a high percentage of meat, and is rich in protein and vitamins. The meat is delicate, delicious, and no intermuscular thorns.
1. The broodstock pond has a pond area of ​​2 to 3 mu (15 mu = 1 hectare, the same applies hereinafter). It requires proximity to the water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, good water retention performance, smooth bottom, less mud or hard bottom, and sandy bottom. the best. The water depth is about 1.5m and the water quality is good. Inlet and outlet are installed to stop fish facilities. Thorough clearing pond disinfection before stocking.
2, broodstock selection, stocking density and sex ratio to choose a healthy body, disease-free and injury-free individuals as broodstock, the best age in more than four years, weight 1.5kg or more.
The stocking density depends on the conditions of the pond. The general area is 2 to 3 acres of ponds, stocking 120 to 150 fish per acre; 4 to 6 acres of ponds stocking 120 to 130 fish per acre, and the total fish body weight is 200 to 250 kg. mu. Each acre with body length 6 to 12 centimeters, bream, bream 250 to 300, in order to control the water quality; avoid polyculture fleas, fleas, so as not to cause competition, affect the ichthyosis broodstock feeding and spawning. The stocking ratio of female and male broodstock is 1:1.
3, feeding and management of broodstock to intensive cultivation all year round, feed to artificial feed, mainly require crude protein content of 33% to 36%. Feeding amount depends on the season and water temperature. Normal feeding temperature is 1% of the fish's total weight at 5-12°C, 2% at 12-20°C, and 3%-4% at 20-35°C. About one month before and after broodstock spawning, feeding animal feed once every 10 to 15 days can make gonads develop better. Using centralized feeding methods, the feeding range is usually about 10% of the fish pond area, and the feed is directly put into the pool.
The spawning pond requires fresh water, a transparency of 45 cm or more, pH 6.5 to 8.5, and a dissolved oxygen content of 4 mg/L or more. To prevent floating heads, broodstock do not lay eggs when floating heads are severe. Add new water every 10 days or so, taking care to prevent wild fish from entering. During the spawning period, the water level is maintained at about 1.2-1.4m and the ovary is placed in the pond.
(4) Otter nest (fish nest) and its use, egg nests for collection of broodstock nests for fish spawning, its size to accommodate a pair of broodstock, including normal activities is appropriate, can use old milk barrels, barrels and so on. There must be a mouth at the end of the ovary, the size of which can be freely accessed by the broodstock, and the other end is covered with a nylon gauze to prevent the resulting eggs from leaking.
Production of ovaries is generally set around the pond, 3 to 5 m away from the pool, flat on the bottom of the pool, and one end of the opening faces the center of the pool to facilitate broodstock hunting. The end of the ovary is tied with a rope, and one end of the rope is tied with a plastic float and floats on the surface of the water to collect the eggs and identify them during inspection. The number of ovaries laid depends on the total number of broodstock in the pond and accounts for about 25% of the number of broodstock in the group. Ovarian production spacing is 5 ~ 6m.
Generally, when the water temperature reaches 18 to 19°C, the ovaries will be placed and the water temperature rises above 20°C for inspection. At the time of the examination, the ovaries should be gently raised on the surface of the water to observe whether there are broodstock or egg masses in the nest. If there are broodstock in the nest, tilt the open end down so that the ovaries sink into the water and drive off the broodstock. If there are fertilized eggs, they can be removed by hand gently and the ovaries can be returned to the bottom of the pool. Fish eggs are generally transported in barrels with water, as long as the water can be soaked in the eggs. Transport water should be taken from the spawning tank, and the temperature difference cannot exceed 3~4°C. The transport time of fish eggs can not be too long, otherwise it is easy to die of hypoxia.
Ovarian production is checked once a day. Try to avoid direct sunlight when collecting eggs, so as not to be killed.
5. Incubation tools and methods commonly used in incubating equipment include loops, hatching tanks, and cement tanks. The incubation temperature is 20-30°C, and the optimum incubation temperature is 23-28°C. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the hatching water body is required to be maintained at more than 6 ml, pH 6.5-8.0, and the water quality is fresh. When hatching outdoors, the hatching tank must be covered with bamboo mats or straw mats to meet the requirements of spotting and tailing fish eggs hatching in low light. The fertilized egg pieces that have just been collected, if the weight of a piece exceeds 500 g, are to be divided into small pieces with a knife or by hand. The egg mass is too large and the middle egg will die due to lack of oxygen. If it is found that there are white eggs in the egg mass, this is an unfertilized egg and should be removed in time.
Fertilized eggs are vulnerable to bacteria and mold. Before the eyes appear, disinfect once a day in the morning. The disinfection method is to place the drug into a container and then dip the hatching eggs and fish eggs together in a disinfecting solution. Bacterial disease is soaked with 3mg/L potassium permanganate solution for 10-15sec or soaked with 8mg/L oxytetracycline solution for 50-60sec. Mycosis is soaked in 100mg/L formaldehyde for 4 to 5 minutes. After disinfection, wash it with fresh water and return it to the hatching pond for incubation.
If the hatching tank is hatched, a 200cm60cm30cm sink may be made of aluminum or stainless steel, and the water wheel type water turbulator having a spiral blade on the shaft may be used to stir the water at a speed of 28 to 30 rotations per minute. The hatching tank should be provided with inlet valve and overflow pipe, so that the water depth is maintained at about 25cm, and the water intake per minute is maintained at 10-15L. During the incubation process, the waterwheel runs without interruption. In case of power outage, other methods must be used to stir the water. After the fish seedlings have filmed for 2 to 3 days, they are siphoned out of the trough with a hose and transferred to cement ponds or cages for raising. After the disappearance of the yolk sac of the fry, it is transferred to a seedling pond for cultivation.

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