PMU is used to produce estrogen and hormone-replacement drugs such as Premarin, PremPro and PremPhase and DUAVEE, a "PremPro-Lite" which contains Premarin. PMU drugs are made by keeping mares constantly pregnant and collecting their estrogen-rich urine. The horses should be in good healthy, age from 4-15 years old, the color
should be dark. the horses should be check-up and disinfected during
the transportation. The blood taking should be called off immediately
when infectious disease is found, any medicine of Penicillin and
streptomycin is forbidden to use.
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2. The parent crab rearing pool is generally facing south, and the size of the rearing pond depends on the number of rearing crabs, generally about 667 m2. The depth of water is more than 1 meter, and the bottom mud is good. 250 to 500 kg of pro-crab can be stocked. In order to prevent crabs from escaping, raise concrete walls with a height of 40 cm or more around the pond and extend them around the top of the wall by about 15 cm. The corners are arc-shaped and must not be square or acute. The pond import and export office should be fortified to escape the net to prevent crabs from climbing and fleeing. In order to improve the survival rate of pro-crab breeding, crab ponds are surrounded by earthworms on the ground or on the center, and aquatic plants are planted at the bottom and around the ground to facilitate burrowing and inhabitation of crabs. Probability of pro-crab density is 1~2/m2. Male and female crabs should be kept in separate ponds in order to select the number of female and male crabs that they need for the selection of pro-crabs before the start of mating, and to avoid mutual interference during the holding period. Before the crabs are stocked, the surface is disinfected with fresh lime ponds.
When the water temperature is above 10°C, the pro-crab can be fed once every 2 or 3 days, and the temperature is higher, and more can be fed. Water temperature less than 8 °C, you can feed less or stop feeding. The types of feed include small fish, silkworm cocoons, and quail meats. Animal viscera, cereals, leek and so on. Feeding amount as far as possible to meet the needs of pro-crab. In order to ensure that the water quality is fresh, flush the water 2 to 4 times a month to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water. If the water quality is too fat or worse, change the water promptly. In order to prevent flight, it is necessary to inspect the pond daily.
The consanguinity of pro-crabs is an important factor that influences the productivity, the amount of eggs, and the development of embryos and larvae. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation and management in winter.
3. The preparation of brackish water for artificial brackish water to produce artificial brackish water requires the selection of a good source of fresh water. Generally, uncontaminated reservoirs or lakes with large surface areas have good water quality. Salt for artificial brackish water is generally sea salt and all other salts are industrial raw materials. The preparation of artificial brackish water is divided into several steps such as crushing, dissolving, stirring, and sedimentation (filtration). The artificial brackish water should be precipitated for 1 to 2 days. Due to the addition of various salts, the water quality will be quickly clarified, the transparency will be about 1 meter, the pH is 7.5 to 8.5, and the artificial brackish water at this time Water is ready for use.
Every year from December to early March of the following year, it is the peak of mating and spawning of crabs. Usually the mating of crabs is on the land because crabs are used to living in burrows and muddy bottoms are more suitable than cement bottoms. The artificial brackish water in the outdoor mating pool shall have a depth of 0.5-0.6 meters, a depth of 1 to 1.2 meters, and an area of ​​15 meters 2. There is a bandit in the pool week to trap crabs and observe embryonic development at night. In order to prevent crabs from fleeing, you can use bamboo foil to encircle or surround the brick wall.
When the water temperature is between 9 and 12°C from February to March, it is a suitable time for mating with the crabs. At this time, the pro-crabs in the fresh water holding pool should be sent to the mating pool. The time is too early and the water temperature is low, which is unfavorable for promoting production. The degeneration of the gonads of crabs that are too late is not good for promoting production. As long as there are salinity stimuli, crabs are estrus and mating. Female crabs are generally transferred to the mating pool 7 to 15 days, most of the ovulation, egg holding rate of 95% or more. The male and female mates should be 3:1 or 2:1. About 15 days, the female crabs can basically all spawn. At this time, in order to prevent the male crabs from mating and causing female crabs to die or die, the male crabs should be removed in time, leaving the eggs and crabs to be carefully reared.
During the incubation period, the water quality components must be strictly required. If the main components are not satisfied, sudden changes in salinity and temperature can cause miscarriage or embryonic necrosis.
4. Juvenile crab breeding quality assessment:
(1) Look at the body color: Young crabs that have not been exposed to water for a long time or when they are out of water are better. If it is too long from the water, spraying water vapor is not timely, causing severe water loss in the body, making the back carapace pale yellowish.
(2) Watching activities: When the temperature is above 4°C, the young crabs are crawling actively, and they can move freely and lively. The turned crabs can be overturned in time. If the temperature is low, the captured crab will be dormant from the water. When the juvenile crab is placed in the palm of your hand and warmed up for 2 minutes or in warm water, the young crab will quickly wake up and begin crawling. The quality is good.
When the fertilized eggs of the crabs are mostly transparent, it indicates that the larvae have hatched out of the membrane. At this time, the crabs should be moved from the outdoor mating pool into the indoor nursery pond. The hatching crabs transferred to the nursery pond hatched within 1 to 2 days. Indoor nursery ponds should master key factors such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, density, bait, water quality, and water flow in the water. Dissolved oxygen in water should be maintained at 5 mg/L or higher. The water temperature should be 18 to 25°C. The water temperature in crab ponds should be 20°C, and the survival rate of crabs should be high. If the water temperature is higher than 20°C, the survival rate should be reduced. When the crabs enter the pool, the temperature difference between the temperature of the crab seedlings and the temperature of the crab pool should not exceed 2°C. Crab ponds should be kept shallow (water depth 10-30 cm), micro-flowing water, invincible.
The crab's zoea can be allowed to have a density of hundreds of thousands per square meter. The crab larvae have phototaxis and water tracing from the first period. Therefore, there should be no concentrated strong light around the pool to avoid excessive local intensive death. The turbulent flow helps water-repellent movement of the juvenile larvae. For example, if the flow direction is from the top down, it can prevent the larvae from sinking to the ground at a certain extent. In addition, we must pay attention to all kinds of nitrogen pollution indicators, especially nitrite, very sensitive to the growth and development of the juvenile larvae. At the same time, it is also necessary to prevent the proliferation of single-cell algae in the nursery ponds.
The feeding of bait should be based on the characteristics of the dietary transformation of the juvenile larvae. The first phase of zoea larval stage should be mixed with planktonic algae and Artemia nauplii, and the concentration of the larvae should be 50,000 to 300,000 and 1 to 5 per milliliter of water, respectively. The second stage of zoea larvae was no longer fed with algae and was mainly fed Artemia nauplii. As the development of the zoea larvae progresses, the individual and feeding concentration requirements of Artemia larvae increase accordingly. The third and fourth stage of zoea require more food. When starvation occurs, the zoea will kill and ingest. Mastering palatability of bait is an important part of raising the survival rate of juvenile larvae, and it is also the key to the entire breeding process.
In the course of cultivation, the zoea must undergo five times of molting, and it will take about 1 month to become big larvae, usually called crab larvae, which can adapt to freshwater life. Single-cell algae that raise crabs mainly include green algae and diatoms. Common green algae such as Platymonas, Dunaliella salina and diatoms such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum and diamond-shaped diatoms are common. Single-celled algae can be cultivated directly in aquaculture ponds, allowing stocking when unicellular algae reach 100,000 cells/ml or more. In addition, rotifers and Artemia are good foods for early crabs, and they all have the characteristics of fast growth, short life cycle, strong adaptability, and easy culture.
A new breeding method for crabs
1. The crab species differentiates crab larvae after about 10 days, ie the moltings become young crabs. Individual differences in crab species during the same period may be very large, some up to 50 grams, and some only 5 to 10 grams. Female crabs do not have long round abdomen. Male crabs have a small chelate villus and gonads are not yet mature. This type of crab has feeding value. If the abdomen of the female crab is round, all covered, and there are many hairs, the male crab walks just enough hair, and the large chelonian villus is clustered, then this kind of crab has no feeding value. In short, the election of the pro-crab should be physically sound, hard shell, physical fat, weight of more than 100 grams of green shell crab. Individuals with large bodies and body fat have a large amount of eggs after mating. When choosing to keep crabs, attention should also be paid to the proportion of males and females, as far as possible females are more than males. It is best to choose to keep the crabs before and after the start of winter. After the pro-crab is selected, the male and female crabs are carefully kept in freshwater ponds.