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The reason and solution to the leakage of outer groove wheel type fertilizer box
Fertilizer leakage in outer groove wheel type fertilizer boxes is a common issue, especially when applying pure urea. Due to its fine particles and smooth texture, urea has excellent flowability, which often leads to more severe leakage problems. Based on real-world usage scenarios, the following are the main causes of leakage and corresponding solutions.
Firstly, improper selection of fertilizer boxes can lead to leakage. Choosing the right row of fertilizer boxes that can handle pure urea without leakage is crucial. Adjustments alone won't solve the problem if the equipment isn't suitable. Different manufacturers offer various models with different applications. For example, the 2BF 24-type 24-row fertilizer planter comes with compatible fertilizer boxes that are designed for urea application. These boxes can be installed and adjusted according to technical specifications, ensuring no leakage during operation. When purchasing, check the surface finish—smooth and free of burrs. Pay special attention to the grooves on the row wheel. The fat tongue should be positioned at the smallest opening, typically the topmost adjustment hole. Ensure the distance between the convex stalks and the blocking wheel’s sheave is smaller than the urea granules; otherwise, leakage may occur due to vibration. Also, check that the upper part of the rear baffle doesn’t have gaps larger than the urea granules, while the lower part should have a small gap with the grooves but not exceed the size of the fertilizer particles.
Secondly, excessive clearance between the blocking wheel and the row runner wheel can cause leakage. This often happens due to improper installation or unstable positioning of the wheels. If the blocking wheel or row wheel shifts, it creates a gap, leading to leakage. During installation, ensure tight contact between the two wheels so they rotate seamlessly and smoothly. The gap should be less than 1mm. If it's too large, the sheave may lose fertilizer when stationary, and when rotating, it might release more than intended, causing uneven distribution. Any debris at the engagement points should be cleaned to maintain minimal clearance and smooth rotation.
Thirdly, improper installation of the fat tongue can also result in leakage. The primary function of the fat tongue is to adjust based on the size of the fertilizer particles, not to control the amount of fertilizer applied. However, increasing the opening will increase the amount of fertilizer, leading to uneven distribution and potential leakage. There are three height adjustments on the lower part of the fertilizer box wall. The topmost hole provides the smallest opening, suitable for small granular fertilizers like standard urea. The tongue should sit tightly against the convex stalks under the blocking wheel, with any gap smaller than the urea granules. The middle hole is for medium-sized fertilizers, such as wheat grain size, and the bottom hole is for large granules like soybeans or corn kernels. Choose the appropriate hole based on the fertilizer size and insert the cotter pin into the selected position, making sure it passes through the tongue’s groove to prevent vertical movement and inconsistent opening.
Lastly, damage to the fertilizer box can cause leakage. The coaxiality of each row of fertilizer boxes and the shaft should be minimal, with smooth rotation. If deviations are significant, paper pads can be added at the top of the boxes, and they can be moved back and forth to reduce resistance and wear. This helps prevent damage to the fertilizer box and ensures long-term performance.
By addressing these issues during selection, installation, and maintenance, users can significantly reduce fertilizer leakage and improve the efficiency of their planting operations.
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