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Pond cultivation of shrimp
Pond Requirements. A suitable pond should have a sufficient water supply and efficient drainage system. The area is generally not more than 4 acres, with a water depth ranging from 1 to 1.5 meters. The pond bottom should be free of excessive silt to maintain good water quality and prevent disease outbreaks.
Water Quality Conditions. Green shrimp are highly sensitive to toxic chemicals such as "6-66" and "enemy-killing." Therefore, the aquaculture water must be fresh, clean, and free from pollution. Regular monitoring of water parameters like pH, ammonia, and dissolved oxygen is essential to ensure a healthy environment for shrimp growth.
Clearing and Disinfecting the Pond. To achieve pollution-free culture, it's recommended to use natural methods like tea seed cakes or crotons for pond cleaning. Sodium pentachlorophenol should be avoided due to its harmful effects on aquatic life. To use croton: For a pond with an average depth of about 10 cm, apply 5–7 kg of crushed croton per acre. Grind the croton into a paste, mix it in a container, and add 100 grams of shochu or 750 grams of salt. Let it sit for 3 days, then dilute with pond water and spread the mixture. After 10–15 days, gradually increase the water depth to about 1 meter before introducing the shrimp (after filtering with a fine mesh net). For tea seed cake: Maintain a water depth of 0.5 meters, evenly distribute fresh tea seed cake across the pond, allowing the concentration to reach 1010–6–1510–6 ppm. After 15 days, raise the water level to 1 meter and introduce the shrimp seedlings.
Shrimp Stocking. Before stocking, apply 250–300 kg of organic fertilizer per acre to promote the growth of natural food organisms. Shrimp can be introduced once a significant amount of plankton and microorganisms appear. Stock 60,000 to 100,000 shrimp per acre, ensuring they are uniform in size, healthy, disease-free, and have intact appendages. It’s best to stock them in the early morning or late evening to reduce stress. Ensure the temperature difference between the water in the tank and the pond does not exceed 2°C.
Setting Shrimp Nests. Providing artificial shelters such as old mesh, poplar roots, bamboo, or pine branches helps shrimp utilize the water column more effectively. It's also beneficial to plant aquatic plants like Vallisneria, black algae, or water hyacinth. However, the total area covered by these plants should not exceed one-third of the pond surface to avoid overcrowding and poor water circulation.
Feeding. Feed shrimp twice daily—once in the morning and once in the evening. The total daily feed should not exceed 10% of the shrimp’s body weight. In the morning, feed in deeper areas where light is less intense, while in the evening, feed in the shallow parts of the pond. Evening feeding should account for about 70% of the daily ration to support active feeding behavior.