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Cotton seedlings management technology
How to grow healthy cotton seedlings, prevent weak growth, avoid rot and plant death, ensure proper emergence, and promote strong development is a major concern for most cotton farmers. To achieve this, it's essential to start with soil improvement, pH balance, and scientific fertilization based on soil testing. Based on years of practical experience, using biological bacterial fertilizer mixed with nutrient-rich soil has proven effective in enhancing the cold and disease resistance of cotton seedlings, improving soil health, and reducing issues like root rot caused by over-fertilization or acidic soil. This method also helps control diseases such as cotton blight and yellow wilt, while promoting root development and overall plant vigor.
The process involves mixing 500g of biological bacterial fertilizer with a small amount of organic compost into the seedbed soil. The moisture level should be kept between 30-40%, ensuring even distribution before sowing. No additional chemicals or additives are needed during this stage.
Next, managing temperature and humidity in the seedbed is crucial. Proper use of plastic film helps maintain warmth and insulation, preventing damage from low temperatures and high humidity. Using scientific seedling management techniques ensures uniform growth and leads to strong, healthy seedlings.
Here are some key steps:
1. In the early stages of seedling growth, use a high-humidity and high-temperature method. Keep the seedbed covered tightly without opening the film. Maintain a temperature of 30-35°C for the first 3-5 days. Even if the temperature briefly reaches 40°C, do not remove the film. Ensure sufficient watering at sowing time and cover the film promptly to maintain high temperature and humidity, which helps protect and strengthen the seedlings.
2. Once the seedlings have developed two true leaves, adopt heat preservation and controlled ventilation. Keep the temperature around 25-30°C. Avoid excessively high humidity, which can lead to weak, leggy seedlings. Make small vents every 2.5 meters on both sides of the film. On sunny mornings after 10 AM, open the ends of the film for ventilation and re-cover it by 4 PM. Use a bactericidal agent to spray regularly and maintain a clean environment.
3. When the seedlings have 1-2 true leaves, keep the temperature at 15-20°C. Monitor for signs of disease and remove weak or excess seedlings to allow stronger ones to thrive. Continue covering the film, peeling it off in the morning and replacing it in the afternoon. After three weeks, gradually remove the film to acclimate the seedlings to the external climate. In case of strong winds or heavy rain, apply a nutritional solution and a bactericidal spray for extra protection.
4. If the seedbed is too long, transplant the seedlings 10 days before the final planting. Transplanting helps control seedling height, prevents excessive top growth, encourages lateral root development, and promotes better survival. Apply a balanced nutrient solution and a sterilizing agent before transplanting. This results in shorter seedlings that establish quickly and survive well after being moved.