What are the common diseases of Chinese cabbage? How are these diseases identified? What are the harmful symptoms? Today, Huinong.com's small series mainly introduces the 20 kinds of disease identification and prevention measures of Chinese cabbage, and also comes with identification pictures! What are the common diseases of Chinese cabbage? 1. Chinese cabbage disease Hazard symptoms: The disease occurs mainly in the 1-2 true leaves of the seedlings, and after 3 true leaves, the incidence is less. Seedlings are damaged: the base or middle part of the stem of the exposed soil surface is water-soaked, and then the yellow-brown is dry, and the cotyledons are not yet wilting, which suddenly collapses, causing the seedlings to fall. Control method: 1 Select a land with high topography and good drainage as a seedbed. Fill the bottom water once before sowing. Try not to water the water after emergence. When watering, choose to pour small water on sunny days. It is not suitable for flooding. 2 Seed treatment: seed dressing with 50% thiram wettable powder or 40% seed dressing double wettable powder with a seed weight of 0.3-0.4%, plus a seed weight of 0.3-0.4% of 50% metalaxyl WP. 3 The seedlings found in the seedbed should be removed in time. The following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil; chlorfenapyr hydrochloride or carbendazim. 2, Chinese cabbage soft rot Hazard symptoms: All growth stages can be harmful, mainly from the rosette period to the heart disease period, the diseased part is soft rot, and there is a smell of hydrogen sulfide. In the early stage of the disease, the outer leaves are wilting, the base of the petiole rots, and the diseased leaves collapse to expose the leaf ball; sometimes the base of the stem rots and extends to the heart, filled with yellow sticky material. The outer leaves of a few vegetable plants are wet and rotted. When dry, the rotten leaves are dry and thinly wrapped around the leaf ball, or the inner and outer leaves of the leaf are good, but the middle leaves are rotted inward from the edge. When the damage is serious, the whole field rots. Control method: 1Select resistant varieties; avoid continuous cropping; timely sowing, proper thinning; morning seedlings, late seedlings, moderate seedlings; small water irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei Dividends, internal potassium, enhance the seedlings; remove the diseased plants in time, remove the lime from the diseased spots, and take the diseased bodies in the field to concentrate or bury them. 2 Prevention: Seed treatment, 3% zhongshengmycin WP can be used for seed dressing at 1% of seed weight before sowing. Before the onset, the following agents can be used to prevent: 20% quinoflazer water 800-1000 times solution, or 20% thiazolone suspension 600-800 times solution, or 47% copper oxychloride wettable powder 600-800 times solution Spray evenly on the water. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following fungicides were selected for control: agricultural streptomycin sulfate; chlorobromoisocyanuric acid or thiabium copper. 3, Chinese cabbage root disease Hazard symptoms: widely distributed in various provinces of China, including southern cabbage production areas. Seedling damage: When the seedlings die in severe cases. In the adult stage, the leaves of the base gradually become yellow and wilted; the main, lateral roots and fibrous roots form tumors of different sizes. The surface begins to be smooth at the beginning of the tumor, and then becomes rough and cracked. The plants are short, grow slowly, and die in severe cases. . Control method: 1 Heavy disease and non-cruciferous rotation for 6 years; high ridge cultivation, timely drainage after rain; acid soil as much as possible to apply lime regulation; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of humic acid, phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, Jinli regulates the pH of the soil, promotes the development of roots and enhances the seedlings; it promptly takes the diseased bodies in the field to concentrate or bury them. 2 When planting, the soil in the colonization hole can be treated with 1-2kg/mu of 20% pentachloronitrobenzene powder. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: 40% fluazinam 140-160 times solution. 4, Chinese cabbage downy mildew Hazard symptoms: All growth periods can be harmful, mainly harmful to the leaves. Inoculation at the seedling stage: white mold layer appears on the back of the cotyledon, and the seedlings die when severe. Onset of adult stage: the surface of the leaf appears grayish white, the spots with insignificant yellowish yellow edges, and then expanded into yellow-brown lesions, which are polygonal or irregular by the veins, and dense white mold on the leaves. The lesions are connected to each other for a long time, causing the diseased leaves to partially or completely die. Control method: 1 suitable sowing, appropriate thin planting; morning seedlings, late seedlings, moderate seedlings; small water irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei Hailibao, melatonin, profit Come, strengthen the seedlings; remove the sick body and bring out the concentrated deep burial or burning. 2 Seed treatment: It can be seeded with 0.3% bacterium, fine nail cream suspension seed coating agent and 25% metalaxyl WP powder at 0.3% of seed weight. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: zinc sensate; dexamethasone, or fluorobacteria; 5, Chinese cabbage anthracnose Hazard symptoms: Chinese cabbage anthracnose has occurred in different degrees, among which the Yangtze River Basin is the most seriously affected. Leaf infection: initial round, water-stained, central white, brown edge, slightly depressed lesions, later turned into white to gray self-color translucent paper-like lesions, easy to rupture perforation. Petiole or veins of the petiole: oval or fusiform, yellow-brown to taupe, marginal dark, markedly depressed lesions, sometimes cracked at both ends. In severe cases, the whole leaf and the entire petiole are densely covered, forming irregular large spots on each other, and the leaves are wilted and dead in a short period of time. Control method: 1 and non-cruciferous crops for more than 2 years of rotation; suitable sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of seaweed meal, Jiamei Ocean Star, nuclear power, enhance seedlings; Timely removal of diseased residues in the field and reduction of pathogens. 2 Seed treatment: treatment with warm soup or 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a seed weight of 0.3-0.4%. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: difenoconazole; pyraclostrobin, or azole ether·desen. 6, Chinese cabbage black spot Hazard symptoms: mainly damage to the leaves, the lower part of the old leaves onset early and heavy, the outer leaves are more serious, the second leaf is the second, the heart leaves are the lightest. Leaf disease: round, brown or dark brown lesions, with obvious concentric pattern, yellow halo; perforation of the diseased part at high temperature and high humidity; severe, half or whole leaves die. Incidence of petiole: dark brown, longitudinal strip, slightly depressed lesions; black mold on the lesions when wet. Control method: 1 Selection of disease-resistant varieties; 2-3 years with non-cruciferous rotation; suitable sowing, proper thinning; small water irrigation, timely drainage after rain; application of base fertilizer, application of humic acid, phosphorus, potassium Calcium package fertilizer Jiamei gold point, profit to come, internal potassium Germany, enhance the seedlings; find the diseased plants and remove them in time, take the field sickness out of the concentrated deep buried or burned. 2 Seed treatment: 50% ivy urea wettable powder or 50% procymidone wettable powder can be used for seed dressing at 0.2-0.3% by weight of the seed. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: difenoconazole; ketone·manganese zinc; tebuconazole, or pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic. 7, Chinese cabbage white spot disease Hazard symptoms: mainly damage the leaves. Leaf disease: The initial production of taupe small spots, after expansion into a round or near-circular, central gray-white, translucent lesions, stained green halo, easy to rupture perforation. When wet, there are sparse grayish mildew on the back of the lesion; in severe cases, the lesions are connected into pieces, showing irregular large spots, and finally the leaves are dry. Control method: 1 and non-cruciferous rotation for 2-3 years; appropriate late sowing, appropriate thin planting; small water irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of sea urchin, phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei Haili Treasure, profit, strengthen the seedlings; promptly remove the dead leaves in the field. 2 Seed treatment, soaking with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution for 1 hour, then taking out, washing with water and sowing. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: Ethylene-manganese-zinc; propiconazole, or iprodione+ chlorothalonil. 8, Chinese cabbage black rot Hazard Symptoms: Incidence occurs during each growth period. Seedling onset: The edge of the cotyledon is water-soaked, and the root marrow becomes black and quickly wither. Incidence of adult stage: from the edge of the leaf, it gradually spreads inward, forming a "V"-shaped dark brown lesion, the surrounding yellowish, the disease-free junction is not obvious, and the reticular veins in the lesion become brown or black. Incidence of petiole: development along the vascular bundle, forming a brown dry rot, the leaves are turned to one side, and the leaves are yellowed; in severe cases, the leaves die or collapse. Control method: 1 Carrying out rotation with non-cruciferous crops for more than 2 years; timely sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; application of base fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, internal potassium, profit To enhance the seedlings; timely remove the diseased residues in the field and reduce pathogens. 2 seed treatment: available 30% succinated copper WP WP 600-800 times solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder 2000-4000 times solution, or 14% lycopene copper solution 300 times solution soaked 15 After -20 minutes, rinse off with water, dry and sown. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: agricultural streptomycin sulfate; thiazolone, or chlorobromoisocyanuric acid. 9, Chinese cabbage white rust Hazard symptoms: mainly harmful to the leaves, the plant can damage the peduncle and flowers. Leaf damage: The initial leaf surface produces a pale green edge with no obvious small spots, and then turns yellow. The back of the leaf grows slightly uplifted, and the surface is shiny with white abscess-like spots. Sometimes multiple spots heal into pieces, and the epidermis ruptures after maturity. White powder is scattered; in severe cases, the diseased leaves are yellow. Stem and peduncle suffered: The fat was swollen and curved, showing a "faucet" shape, and the color became lighter, similar to the symptoms of downy mildew, but the minister had white pustule spots. Floral damage: hypertrophy, the petals turn green, and do not wither. The pod is damaged: it is small and curved, not strong or the seeds are fine and dry. Control method: 1 and non-cruciferous crops for more than 2 years of rotation; suitable sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply enough base fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, profit to come, internal potassium To enhance the seedlings; timely remove the diseased residues in the field and reduce pathogens. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used to control: downy mildew; metalaxyl, or chlorothalonil. 10. Chinese cabbage bacterial angular spot disease Hazard symptoms: mainly occur from the seedling stage to the early stage of the heart. At the beginning of the disease, water-stained depressions appear on the back of the leaves, and then become membranous irregular horns of different sizes and limited by veins. Foliar lesions are rust-colored or taupe-like oily; when the humidity is high, the leaf-back lesions are thicker than the milky white bacteria; when dry, the diseased part is cracked or perforated. Control method: 1 Implement rotation; timely sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of humic acid, phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, gold spot, gold profit, enhance seedling; Timely removal of diseased residues in the field and reduction of pathogens. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: agricultural streptomycin sulfate; thiazolone, or chlorobromoisocyanuric acid. 11, Chinese cabbage virus disease Hazard symptoms: Chinese cabbage virus disease is common in various vegetable producing areas in China, causing serious damage, and the incidence is heavier in summer and autumn. Infected at the seedling stage: the heart leaves are bright veins or veins chlorotic, then become dark and green mottled or mosaic leaves, the leaves are shrunk, the heart leaves are twisted, and the growth is slow. Infected with adult disease: the early leaves of the disease are shrunken, uneven, hard and brittle, and there are brown, slightly sunken necrotic spots or streaks on the leaf veins of the leaves. The plants are obviously dwarfed and deformed, and the heart is late. One side is deformed by wrinkles or slightly shrunken and the leaves are still covered, and the inner leaves have taupe dots. Infected with the plant: slow convulsions, short stalks or stalks deformed, plant dwarf, new leaves, veins or leaves, old leaves with brown necrotic spots, buds malformation malformation, no pods or small pods, grain is not full, germination The rate is low, and the roots of the diseased plants are underdeveloped, which seriously affects growth and development. Control method: 1 Selection of resistant varieties; timely early sowing; use silver-gray film or plastic reflective film to avoid sputum during seedling period; strengthen cultivation management and enhance plant growth. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: mushroom proteoglycan; morpholinium hydrochloride, zinc, or ningnanmycin. 12, Chinese cabbage sclerotinia Hazard symptoms: Both the vegetable and field plants can be damaged during storage. There were no obvious symptoms in the light-sickness plants at the seedling stage, and the roots of the seriously ill plants rotted and white mold. The disease continued to expand after transplanting in the field, reaching a peak after convulsion. Incidence of stem: There is a light brown depression lesion, which turns white, and finally the cortical decay, the fiber is scattered into a chaotic, hollow stem, endogenous black rat fecal sclerotia; when wet, the surface of the disease grows white Cotton-like mycelium and black sclerotia; when the damage is light, dysplasia or rotten roots, rotten stems, short plants, and reduced yield; when the damage is serious, the stems are broken and the plants die. Control method: 1 rotation, deep tillage; reasonable close planting, apply enough base fertilizer, increase the application of humic acid, phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, gold point gold, enhance seedlings; timely clear the field diseased bodies, reduce pathogens. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for control: procymidone; sclerotium net, or iprodione. 13, Chinese cabbage brown spot disease Hazard symptoms: Chinese cabbage brown spot disease is mainly harmful to leaves. Leaf disease: The initial round or near-circular water-soaked small spots slowly expand into polygonal or irregular-shaped light yellow-white spots, some are restricted by veins, and the edge protrusions are brown. Control method: 1 and non-cruciferous crops are used for more than 2 years of rotation; suitable sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; application of base fertilizer, increase of phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, profit, enhance seedlings Eliminate field scums and reduce pathogens in a timely manner. 2 Seed treatment: treatment with warm soup or 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a seed weight of 0.3-0.4%. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: difenoconazole; pyraclostrobin, or azole ether·desen. 14, Chinese cabbage gray mold Hazard characteristics: Chinese cabbage gray mold is an important disease in greenhouse cabbage and storage period, which is widely distributed, which seriously affects the yield and edible value. The growth period is harmful: mainly damages the leaves and inflorescences, the diseased part is slightly softened and light brown, and then gradually rots; when wet, the disease minister has gray mildew and cannot be eaten. The storage period is harmful: the main infringement of the vegetable gang, the diseased part expands from the outside to the inside, initially oval-shaped water-immersed slightly softened spots, and then forms large irregular spots. When wet, the disease ministers are gray mold, and the diseased part gradually becomes corrupted. It affects neighboring plants; when dry, it does not grow gray mold, and it is easy to be confused with soft rot, but this disease is not stinky and is different from soft rot. Control method: 1 Implement rotation; reasonable close planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, increase field permeability; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, enhance seedling; timely clear field debris, reduce pathogens The temperature in the storage pot is controlled at around 0 °C to prevent excessive humidity or high humidity for a long period of time to reduce the incidence of storage. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: pyrimethanil, iprodione or procymidone. 15. Chinese cabbage brown rot Hazard symptoms: mainly harmful to the leaves, the outer wall of the petiole of the cabbage is close to the ground. There are brown to dark brown smear spots on the ground, and the edges are not obvious. When the humidity is high, the brown to yellow-brown filamentous hyphae and sclerotium are often produced. In severe cases, the base of the petiole rots. Or yellowing off. Control method: 1 Implement rotation; rational close planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, increase field permeability; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of humic acid, phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, profit to enhance seedlings; Remove the diseased leaves near the ground in time, bring out the field to be buried or destroyed, and reduce the pathogens. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: carbendazim, chlorothalonil or thiophanate-methyl. 16, Chinese cabbage powdery mildew Hazard symptoms: mainly damage leaves, stems, flowers and seed pods, producing white powdery mildew. In the early stage, the near-circular radial powder spots are produced, and the whole part is covered. The incidence is light, the lesions are not obvious, and only the pods are slightly deformed; the leaves with heavy disease are chlorotic and yellow, and the seeds are dead and the seeds are thin. Control method: 1 Selection of resistant varieties; implementation of rotation; timely removal of sick bodies, ploughing of land; timely drainage, maintain permeability, reduce field humidity. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: chlorothalonil; hexaconazole or pyraclostrobin. 17. Chinese cabbage bacterial leaf spot Hazard symptoms: more in the seedling stage, mainly harmful to the leaves. In the early stage of the disease, the leaves are water-stained with small spots, yellow-brown round or amorphous necrotic spots appear on the posterior leaf surface, and the edges are darker and oily, which can be combined into large plaques. When dry, the lesions are brittle and easy to crack; when the humidity is high, the hand feels sticky; in severe cases, the lesions are dense, causing the leaves to dry. Often mixed with bacterial keratosis. Control method: 1 Implementation of crop rotation; timely sowing, reasonable close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei Jinli, internal potassium Germany, enhance seedlings; timely removal of diseased residues in the field, Reduce pathogens. 2 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: agricultural streptomycin sulfate; thiazolone, or chlorobromoisocyanuric acid. 18, Chinese cabbage bacterial black spot Leaf disease: early stage produces dark green water-immersed small spots, gradually turning into light black to dark brown, which can develop along the veins. In the later stage, the central color of the lesions is deep and the oil is bright, and multiple lesions are connected into irregular large spots. In severe cases, the veins turn brown, and the leaves are distorted and yellowed. Incidence of stems and seed pods: often produces dark brown irregular streaks. Control method: 1 Reasonable close planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, maintain field permeability; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium, calcium package fertilizer Jiamei dividend, profit, enhance seedlings; timely clear field debris, reduce pathogens . 2 seeds can be treated with the following agents: acacia copper or agricultural streptomycin or neutrophin. 3 In the early stage of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: agricultural streptomycin sulfate; thiazolone, or chlorobromoisocyanuric acid. 19, Chinese cabbage dry heart disease Hazard symptoms: Chinese cabbage dry heart disease is a physiological disease that often occurs during the storage period of Chinese cabbage, which often causes the cabbage leaf ball to rot. Early onset of the ball: the edge of the young leaves is translucent and watery, and after dehydration, it has a white band-like wilting. After the ball onset: the appearance of the plant is normal, peeling off the leaf ball can be seen that the inner leaf edge is dry and yellow, the leaf flesh is dry paper, banded lesions or irregular lesions, sometimes the lesions expand, the leaf tissue is water stain Shape, the veins are yellowish brown, the disease is sticky, no odor, the junction of the disease and health is relatively clear, sometimes dry rot or wet rot. Incidence during storage: It is easy to induce bacterial infection, and then the heart becomes rot. Control methods: application of fully fermented organic fertilizer, batching and topdressing; sorghum planting, small water pouring; timely cultivating after irrigation, to prevent soil compaction, salt and alkali rise; avoid using sewage and salt water to pour the field; Water, and spray 0.7% calcium oxide, 0.7% manganese sulfate solution, 800 times Jiamei brain white gold. 20, Chinese cabbage is deficient in potassium Hazard Symptoms: The leaf edge of the old leaf turns into a bronze color and then expands to the inner leaf. When the potassium is severely deficient, the leaves of the old leaves are dry and necrotic, the leaves are shed, and the inner leaves are brown. Control method: Apply 50-60 kilograms of potassium sulfate per acre, or apply 3-5 kilograms of Jiamei nuclear power per acre or 8-10 kilograms of profit at the peak of absorption of potassium. Regarding the common diseases of Chinese cabbage and its prevention and control measures, Huinong.com will introduce this to the farmers. If you have more supplements, please leave a comment!
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