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Clever fresh turtle
Jiang Zhanglin, the head of the leading amphibian and reptile research institute in Haining City, Zhejiang Province, has spent over 20 years studying turtle breeding and market circulation. Based on his extensive experience, he has developed a series of effective methods for transporting live turtles, ensuring their survival and health during transit.
**1. Transportation Tools**
- **Transport Barrels**: These are oval-shaped barrels, approximately 85 cm long, 55 cm wide, and 40 cm high. They have several filter holes at the bottom, allowing water to flow through while keeping the turtles secure. Each barrel can carry around 20 kg of live turtles. They can be made of plastic or other materials depending on the volume needed.
- **Low-Temperature Transport Barrels**: Designed for summer use, these barrels are similar in size but slightly taller (55 cm) with a deeper base. The bottom is divided into two layers using wooden strips. The lower layer holds the turtles, while the upper layer contains ice to keep them cool. This method mimics hibernation conditions, reducing metabolic activity and improving survival rates.
- **Live Turtle Boxes**: Made of wood or metal, these boxes are customized based on transportation needs. They feature water holes at the bottom and grids in the middle to prevent overcrowding. A layer of water grass is placed under the grid, followed by a 5 cm layer of fine sand. Ice cubes can be added on top to maintain a cool environment.
- **Live Turtle Baskets**: Typically made from bamboo, these baskets have a wider top and narrower base. The sides are about 33–38 cm in length and 38 cm in height. They are stackable and filled with water and straw before placing the turtles inside. Each layer can hold up to 20 kg of live turtles.
**2. Transportation Methods**
Short-distance transport (up to 3–4 days) is relatively simple, while long-distance transport (over one week) requires more technical expertise. For trips lasting 7–10 days, low-temperature barrels, live turtle boxes, refrigerated trucks, and standard transport barrels are commonly used. For longer periods (2–3 months), fully sealed barrels with 7–8 cm of sand at the bottom are recommended, with daily water changes to maintain hygiene.
Before transport, turtles should be fasted for 2–3 days if the temperature is high, to reduce waste. Unhealthy or damaged turtles must be removed. Before packing, they should be rinsed with cold water below 20°C and soaked for 10 minutes to clean their skin and calm them down.
**3. Injuries and Treatment During Transport**
Upon arrival, turtles are carefully unpacked and inspected. Any injured, sick, or lost turtles are treated according to disease control protocols. Severely damaged turtles may be used for medicinal or culinary purposes. In hot weather, if a turtle becomes spoiled, it should be quickly processed: the shell is cut open, the flesh removed, and the carapace and plastron fried with river sand for medicinal use.
**4. Special Considerations for Green Turtles**
Green turtles should be stopped from eating 2–3 days before transport. They should be washed thoroughly before packing. Packaging typically uses white cloth, with the width being 2.5 times the shell length. In cooler weather, multiple layers are used; in summer, 2–3 layers are sufficient.
If the green hair is long, it should be combed from the tail toward the head. If it extends beyond the head, it should be folded back and placed on the turtle’s back. After combing, the cloth is wrapped around the turtle, covering the head and rolling from the abdomen to the back. The excess is folded forward, and the body is tightened and tied in a "10" shape.
Jiang Zhanglin emphasized that during summer, proper ventilation and moisture control are essential. Water should be sprayed during transport to maintain humidity. In winter, insulation is key—using cloth or cotton and warm water (around 20°C) helps maintain suitable conditions.
Upon arrival, turtles should be slowly removed from their packaging and placed into water with a similar temperature to their original environment. Their green hair should be straightened, and they should not be immediately placed into water with a large temperature difference, as this can cause shock and death.