How to choose soybean herbicide varieties

First, the recommended selection of herbicides includes S-metolachlor, Metolachlor, Propalachlor, Alachlor, Isoprofen, Thifensulfuron, Sulfachlor, 90% Acetochlor, C Fluoxaminate, 2,4-Diethylhexyl Octanoate, and Oxathione. Among these, the safety order for amide herbicides in soybeans is ranked from best to worst: S-metolachlor = Metolachlor = Alachlor > Isoprofloxacin > 90% Acetochlor > 50% Acetochlor. However, Propalachlor can cause contact phytotoxicity when applied in low-lying areas or during soybean seeding periods, especially if mixed with other herbicides like Acetochlor or Oxethione. This may lead to temporary growth inhibition, but recovery is usually possible. Severe root rot can occur under conditions such as low soil organic matter, loose texture, heavy rainfall, high humidity, or cold temperatures. It's important to avoid mixing with certain compounds to prevent significant crop damage.

The recommended dosage for Isoflurane is 480 g/ha, while Sulfachlor should be applied at 32 g/ha. A common mixed formulation is 70% Dicamba, Isopropylate, and Isoflurane.

Post-emergence herbicide recommendations include Fluazifen, Acridine, Quizalofop, Flupirtine, Flurazepam, Quinacridone, Clethodim, Fomesafen, Grass Pine, Milk Fluoride Grass Spirit, Acifluorfen, and Iso-F Grass Pine. Among these, the safety of diphenyl ether herbicides for soybeans is ranked as follows: Fomesafen > Milkfluorfen > Acifluorfen > Ethylfluoroacetate. For example, 25% Fomesafen is used at 900 ml/ha during the compound leaf stage, while 1000 ml/ha is recommended for 2–3 compound leaves.

To control annual grass weeds such as Alfalfa weed, Wild Oats, and Foxtail, options include Fluazifop-P-Fluor, Acridine, Quizalofop, High-efficiency Flupirtine, Spermidine, Quinacridone, and Clethodim. The dosage of 5% Quizalofop is increased to 1500 ml/ha for better efficacy. A typical mixed formulation includes 44% Carbetamide, 18% Sulfinamide, Quinazoline, Isofluroxone, 21%, 36% Sulfinamide, Quinazoline, Dexamethasone, 18%, and 36% Sulfamethoxazole. Additionally, Pine Emulsion containing 20.8% Fluosulfonyl Acridine is also used.

Second, some herbicides are conditionally recommended. Trimetin (Sec) is not advised for single use due to soybean safety concerns. In areas with low soil organic matter, 70% Oxaprozin at 300 g/ha is suitable, while higher organic matter soils require up to 400 g/ha of active ingredient. Resistance varies among soybean varieties, so testing is necessary before large-scale application. Oxathione is not recommended in low-lying areas or during critical soybean growth stages. Fields with less than 2% soil organic matter should avoid Oxaprozone.

2,4-D Isooctyl Ester is preferred over 2,4-D Butyl Ester. At 72%, it is applied at 750 ml/ha or less to control broad-leaved weeds. However, it is not recommended on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter. Avoid applying it before sowing or during the soybean arch stage, especially near sensitive crops like Schisandra. 2,4-Diethylhexyl Ester is required to reduce drift risks.

Trifluralin has been reduced in use due to its negative effects on soybean roots and root diseases. It is only used in northern autumn crops to control wild oats and large grasses.

Third, several herbicides are not recommended. Poorly safe single or mixed formulations should be avoided. Pre-emergence herbicides like 50% Acetochlor, Acetylene (Acetochlor + 2,4-D Butyl Ester), Epineprazine (Acetochlor + Oxathione), Ding Ding Pu (2,4-Drip + Praxachlor + Acetochlor), B-F (Acetochlor + F), Lib-B (Leguuron + Acetochlor), and Dibutrazine-B (2,4-Dibutylbutyrate, Oxathione, Acetochlor) are discouraged. Other pre-emergence options such as Ethoxyfluazone, Refined Quinolones, Triacyl Carboxylates, Quizaloxine, Trifluasafers, Fine Quinoline, Quizaloxine, and Acetochlor are also not recommended.

Fourth, herbicide application varies by growth stage. During the fall and spring before sowing, options include Spermatine, Metolachlor, Isoprofloxacin, Alachlor, Iso-F Straw, Thifensulfuron, Sulfachlor, 90% Acetochlor, and Propynoxaflu. A common mix is 70% Dicamba, Isopropylate, and Isoflurane.

At the soybean arch stage, S-metolachlor, Metolachlor, Isoprofen, and Thifensulfuron are suitable. During the true leaf stage, select Iso-F Grass Pine, Grass Pine, Fluazifop, Acridine, Fine Quinoline Spirit, Efficient Flupirtine, Spermidine, Quinoxaline, and Clethodim.

During the 1-leaf phase of the complex leaf stage, options include different types of Grass Pine, Imazapyr, Fomeid, Fluazifop-Porcine Ling, Acridine, Quizalofop, High-efficiency Flupirazine, Essence Fazolyl, Quinolone, and Clethodim. A typical mixed formulation includes 18% Fluoxetine/Quinoline/Quinone/Frankincense Oil, 21% Fluoxetine/Quinacin/Quinacloxone Microemulsion, 36% Fluoxetine/Quinoline/Quinone/Vitae, 36% Fluoxetine Ff Pine Nut Oil, 18% Fluorosulfanilamide Isotrifluoroemulsion, 13.6% Fluoxinamide Quinazoline Isothiocyanate Microemulsion, 20.8% Fluosulfamethoxazole EC, and 44% Carbendazim.

Finally, during the 2–3 complex leaf period, single agents such as Isoflufrax, Valeriana, Fluazifop, Acridine, Quizalofop, Flupirtine, Frazoxime, Quinoxaline, Clethodim, Triflumurin, Acifluorfen, Imazamox, and Fluorooxalic Acid are used. Mixed formulations include 18% Fluoxetine/Quinoline/Quinoline/Frankincyanolone, 21% Fluoxetine/Quinacin/Quinacloxone Microemulsion, 36% Fluoxetine/Quinoline/Quinone/Vitae, 36% Fluoxetine Ff Pine Nut Oil, 18% Fluorosulfanilamide Isotrifluoroemulsion, 13.6% Fluoxinamide Quinazoline Isothiocyanate Microemulsion, 20.8% Fluosulfamethoxazole EC, and 44% Carbendazim.

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