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Sansevieria (Figure)
The tiger-tailed orchid, also known as Tiger Pilan or Jinlan, is a member of the Agave family and belongs to the genus Hibiscus. It includes varieties such as Phyllostachys punctata, Phalaenopsis philoxeroides, and the silver-veined tiger-tailed orchid. This plant has underground stems without branches, with leaves clustered at the base. The lower leaves are tubular, while the middle and upper ones are flat, and the flag leaf stands upright. The plant typically grows between 50 cm to 70 cm tall, with leaves 3 cm to 5 cm wide. The leaves are entire, with a milky surface that shows pale yellow, dark green, and white horizontal stripes. The Phnom Penh Sansevieria variety has golden-yellow leaves, about 1 cm to 1.6 cm wide. The silver-spotted tiger-tailed orchid features longitudinal silver-white stripes on its surface. When grown in pots, it can reach up to 1.2 meters in height.
Flowers emerge from the rhizomes in racemes, with white or light green blossoms grouped in clusters of 3 to 5. Native to western Africa, this plant is drought-resistant and thrives in warm sunlight but can also tolerate shade. It prefers well-drained sandy loam soil. During spring and summer, it grows rapidly, so regular applications of organic liquid fertilizer are recommended. In late autumn and winter, it's better to keep the soil slightly dry. It is not cold-tolerant and should be brought indoors when temperatures drop below 18°C. If kept above 10°C, it will continue growing through winter without entering dormancy, and it typically flowers between January and February.
During the growing season, it’s not suitable for long-term placement in either full shade or intense sunlight. Otherwise, the leaf edges may turn yellow, become narrow, and lose color. The growing tip of the flag leaf may curl and close during dormancy, turning dark brown. Some growers mistakenly believe it's dying and cut it off, which stops further growth. The rhizomes of Sansevieria chinensis grow quickly when carefully cultivated, producing new leaves each year. It usually takes two to three years before it needs repotting.
In early spring, the whole plant is removed from the pot, old soil is discarded, and fresh nutrient soil mixed with coarse sand and compost is added. For propagation by division, the soil around the stem roots is gently removed to expose the thick rhizomes. The upper parts are then cut with a knife. For ramets, the growing leaves are separated into individual plants. Since each plant produces only one leaf per year, transplanted leaves recover slowly and have poor ornamental value. Additionally, funnel-shaped leaf clusters on the rhizomes may be damaged if over-divided.
After transplanting, avoid watering for a week. After that, water lightly along the sides of the pot. Water should not touch the wound areas, as they are prone to rot. Cuttings are best done in summer. Select old leaves over one year old, cut them into 5 cm pieces, and let them dry in a ventilated area for two days. Once the cuts are slightly dry, insert them into sandy loam soil, burying them one-third deep. Maintain a warm and shaded environment, misting regularly to keep the soil moist. Rooting typically occurs within 30 days at temperatures between 20°C and 30°C, and new leaves appear after more than 50 days.
In cutting propagation, Phalaenopsis orchids may lose their original characteristics and revert to their ancestors. To maintain the quality of superior varieties, propagation via ramets is recommended.