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Poor suction pumping maintenance
Pumps play a crucial role in irrigation and drainage during the spring and summer planting seasons. As the core component of the system, water pumps are essential for maintaining proper water flow. However, during operation, it's common for pumps to experience malfunctions or damage, which can prevent them from functioning correctly. Therefore, timely repairs and adjustments are necessary to restore their efficiency.
One common issue is that the pump fails to draw in or discharge water. This may be due to a stuck bottom valve, a clogged filter, excessive suction height, or air leakage in the system. It could also result from incorrect rotation direction or blocked impeller channels. To resolve this, you should check each part individually and take corrective actions such as repairing the bottom valve, clearing obstructions, adjusting the rotation, or cleaning the impeller.
Another problem is pipe leakage. This often occurs when nuts aren’t tightened properly during installation. For minor leaks, you can apply cement or a mixture of cement and asphalt oil at the affected area. In emergencies, wet mud or soft soap can be used temporarily. If the leak is at a joint, simply tightening the nut with a wrench might help. However, if the leak is severe, disassembling the pipe may be necessary.
Overheating of the packing material is another frequent issue. This usually happens when the packing is too tight, preventing cooling water from reaching it, or if the shaft surface is damaged. To fix this, loosen the packing slightly, clear any blockages, and replace worn-out packing. Before installation, the new packing should be soaked in oil. Each ring should be installed one by one, with cuts staggered to reduce leakage. After the last ring is in place, the gland must be securely fastened and adjusted after operation for optimal performance.
Excessive vibration in the pump can be caused by an unbalanced motor rotor, poor coupling alignment, worn bearings, loose or broken rotating parts, or an unstable pipe bracket. In such cases, adjustments, repairs, reinforcements, straightening, or replacements may be required to restore stability.
When it comes to impeller repair, damaged blades or cavitation-induced pitting on the surface may necessitate replacement or carbide plating. If the wear isn't too severe, the impeller can still be used after casting. Disassembly involves securing the impeller to the pump shaft, loosening the nut or transmission device, and gradually pulling out the ejector pin screw to remove the transmission. Then, the shaft can be taken out of the housing for further repair.
For pump shaft defects, bending is often caused by shock loads, over-tightened belts, or improper installation. If the bend is minor, a manual screw jack can be used for correction, but care must be taken not to apply excessive force. If the shaft cracks or breaks, welding, forging, or other methods can be used, followed by heat treatment, turning, and grinding to restore its integrity.