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Green Millennium (map)
The Green Millennium, scientifically known as *Gomphocarpus physocarpus*, is an evergreen shrub belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Its common names include "Swan Egg" and "Tang Cotton," while its Latin name translates to "puffy fruit," referring to its unique, balloon-like seed pods. These fruits are sac-shaped, filled with air, and feature fine bristles on their surface. When squeezed, they feel soft and airy, as if filled with wind.
This plant typically grows up to 1–2 meters tall, with multiple branches and a white milky sap. The leaves are opposite, linear or lance-shaped, with slightly curled edges, measuring between 5–10 cm in length and 0.6–1.8 cm in width. They resemble those of the oleander in texture and appearance, though they are more slender.
The flowers appear in clusters at the ends or leaf axils, featuring five-petaled, white or pale yellow blooms. Flowering occurs from September to mid-October, during which time the young fruits begin to form. The fruits are oval, yellow-green, and resemble small balloons. Once mature, they split open naturally, revealing silvery white hairs that act like parachutes, allowing the seeds to be dispersed by the wind.
Due to its unusual fruit shape and long fruiting period, which aligns with the Chinese New Year and Spring Festival seasons, it has been given the auspicious name "Green Millennium." A similar species, *Gomphocarpus fruticosus*, has conical fruits with pointed tips, also appearing yellowish-green and visually striking.
Native to tropical Africa, this plant thrives in warm, humid, and sunny environments. It is not cold-tolerant but can withstand some shade and drought. Ideal growing temperatures range from 20°C to 28°C, and winter greenhouse temperatures should not drop below 10°C.
For cultivation, use well-drained, slightly acidic sandy loam soil that is loose and fertile. Propagation can be done through sowing or cuttings. Sow seeds in spring in pots within greenhouses, with optimal germination temperatures between 22°C and 28°C. Seedlings usually emerge within 2–3 weeks. For cuttings, take 10–15 cm sections of mature shoots in spring or autumn, and root them in sand or vermiculite. Cover with plastic to maintain moisture, and keep the temperature around 22°C–24°C. Rooting generally takes about a month.
Care for the plant is relatively simple. During the seedling stage, place it in a well-ventilated area. During active growth, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every two weeks. After flowering and fruiting, you may top-dress with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once or twice. If the plant becomes too tall or leggy, prune back the main stem to encourage bushier growth and reduce height.
After the current season's fruiting, cut back the upper portion, leaving only 20–30 cm of the base. This practice promotes a compact, attractive form. If aphids or other pests attack new shoots or leaves, spray with 10% imidacloprid at a dilution of 2000 times.