I. Classification of hybrid corn varieties distributed by Chunxi Seed Industry According to the characteristics and adaptability characteristics of the varieties distributed by Chunxi Seed Industry in 2005-2006, they are classified into four categories: high-yield varieties, wide-adapted varieties, applicable varieties, and fresh-food varieties. Feature selection. 1. High-yielding varieties: The plant height of this type is generally 250-270 cm, plant type is semi-compact, can be densely planted, and it is late in the whole growth period, requires higher water and fertilizer conditions, and can be fully utilized under high water and fertilizer conditions. Yield advantage, once the water and fertilizer conditions can not meet the required, it will result in a significant reduction in production. The high-yield varieties are mostly equine or half-dentate. The ear type is mostly barrel type, and the short-leaved leaves and pointed tips are exposed. The areas with high water content in the rainy season are prone to ear rot, resulting in rotten spoilage and reduced yield. The use of high-yield varieties in special areas should be particularly promoted when they are ripe, timely harvested, and reduced losses. High-yield varieties have poor appearance quality, no sales, low bulk density (about 10% lighter than hard grain corn in the same bag), relatively low disease resistance and ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions, and high-yielding varieties for cultivation and management. Wide-adapted varieties take more care. Among the high-quality products distributed by Chunxi Seed Industry are: Beiyu No.2, Dongdan No.13, Nongda 3138, Yuyu No.22, Huashi No.2 and Denghai 3632. 2. Widely adaptable varieties: These varieties have moderate plant height, strong lodging resistance, and most of the plant type are intermediate types, unlike the high-yielding erect varieties, which are resistant to dense planting and are maturing for 115-125 days in the growing period. The greatest advantage of this type of variety is its strong adaptability. Under high water and fertilizer conditions, high yields can be obtained. If there is insufficient drought or fertility, there is also a certain harvest. Widely adaptable varieties of grains are mostly hard grain type or intermediate type, the cones are cone type, the temporal leaf is longer, the baldness is small, the rainwater is not easy to infiltrate and the ear is not easy to mold and rot. Widely adaptable varieties generally have better varieties and appearances. They can sell well on the market, have high bulk density, have strong resistance and disease resistance, and are easy to cultivate and manage. Chunxi Seed Industry has: Zhengda 819, Chuandan 23, Ludan 8, Xinghuangdan 892, Huidan 4th, Xuanhuangdan 4th, Lusan 3rd, Taiyuandan, Great Wall 799 and other varieties. 3. Applicable varieties: The pros and cons of these varieties are between the “high-product varieties†and the “wide-adapted varieties.†If the soil and plots are selected for better production, the irrigation conditions and pest control can still be improved. Quantity production. Chunxi Seed Industry has prepared for you: Chuandan 29, Yayu 12, Taiyu 2 and other varieties for your choice. 4. Fresh food species: Jinhuang No. 3 corn, Jinhuang No. 4 corn, Thai Jingjing Le, Thai Jingjing Le No. 2, Prang Pearl and Maize, Yunchao Tiantian, Jinhuang No. 5 corn, Xianzao Zaozao, etc. Variety for your choice. Second, the selection of species introduction Variety selection is the head of a year's agricultural production activities, and this level also determines a family's annual agricultural harvest, which determines that we have to carefully select varieties. The selection of varieties should be comprehensively balanced from four aspects. The first thing to consider is whether the location of your cornfield is a slope, a flat dam, or a irrigated land. Second, consider the position of the corn crop in the family economy. Third, consider your own science. Farming level and economic affordability; Fourth, we must also refer to the use of corn produced for market circulation or for raising livestock. Based on the above four factors, the following types of options are proposed for reference: If your land is hillside, it is best to choose varieties that are adaptable, drought-tolerant and poor-tolerant: Chia Tai 819, Chuan Dan 23, Ya Yu 12, Lu Dan No. 8, Xing Huang Dan 892, Hui Dan No. 4 etc. . If your land is in Pingba, and water and fertilizer conditions are relatively good, consider selecting suitable varieties: Chuandan 29 and Taiyu No. 2. You can also consider the use of wide-adapted varieties and high-yield varieties. If your land is irrigated and you have good irrigation conditions, you should use high-yield varieties: Beiyu No.2, Dongdan No.13, Great Wall 799, and so on. If corn products are the main part of your family's income, and you have a certain degree of economic ability to pay and have a higher level of scientific farming, whether your land is a slope, a flat dam, or a irrigated land, you might as well venture to use high-yield types. With applicable varieties, your farming level can be fully demonstrated. If your corn product is for marketing, it is recommended that you buy beautiful products: Chuandan 29, Zhengda 819, Taiyu 2nd, Ludan 8th, Xinghuangdan 892, Xuanhuangdan 4th, etc. May buy a good price. If your corn product is for raising livestock, it is recommended that you use high-yield varieties or mature varieties of live poles: Beiyu No.2, Dongdan No.13, Great Wall 799, Yayu No.12, etc. Your pigs and cows can be full. Eat a few meals. If your corn product is for brewing, it is recommended that you use the white granules: Grand No. 1 and Lusan No. 3. They can produce a good wine for Qingyi. Third, the main varieties of cultivation are as follows: Beiyu 2 This species is medium-late-maturing big ear, yellow-seeded horse tooth type. Spring sowing period of 128 days, plant height 265 cm, ear position 105 cm, spike length 18 cm, ear coarse 5.2 cm. The live poles are mature, high in yield, stable in yield, strong in disease resistance, and good in comprehensive traits. For the above characteristics, draw up the following planting techniques for reference: 1. Because the variety is better than fertilizer and water, the potential for yield increase is large. Generally, it is better to choose the cultivation of land with medium and high fertility; 2. Timely sowing: There are irrigation conditions can be sown in mid-April to early May; no irrigation conditions rely on rainy slopes do not sow in advance. To soak the rain, sow the soil when the humidity reaches saturation; 3. Reasonable dense planting: The planting density per acre can be controlled at 3800-4000 strains; 4. Fine soil preparation, scientific fertilization, timely ploughing of soil before harvest of the previous season crops, and careful cleaning of the dead branches, rotten leaves and straw that may be carried by the field. When the seeds are sown, the soil shall be leveled again; more than 1,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer shall be applied per acre and shall be applied in front of the plowing field; when sowing, 40-50 kg of phosphate fertilizer shall be applied per mu, 5 kg of urea, 2 kg of zinc sulfate, and three fertilizers shall be mixed. After uniform application to the sowing pond, use a hoe to gently dig the fertilizer and turn it to the soil and then plant seed; when the corn grows to 5-6 leaves, the urea will be topped with 15 to 20 kg of urea per mu; the corn grows to a large bell mouth. When topdressing Sanyuan compound fertilizer 30-40 kg per mu; 5. The work of weeding, weeding, earth-cultivation, and ditching is combined with topdressing at the same time; 6. Timely control of pests and diseases; 7. timely harvest. Zhengda 819 Against this species, the seedlings are neat, the seedlings grow strong, the plant type is semi-compact, the plant height and ear position are moderate, the adaptability is wide, and the disease resistance is strong. Live rod mature, resistant to the characteristics of poor, the following planting techniques for the use of species reference: 1. Timely sowing (same as No.2 jade); 2. Reasonable close planting density per mu is controlled between 3200-3600 strains. Still planting planting with single plant, specifications (10017-23 cm); 3. Early Miao Dingmiao seedlings to promote seedling thick; 4. Scientific fertilization (same as Beiyu 2); 5. Timely harvesting, the variety of live rods mature, yellow leaves should be harvested in time to prevent the rain caused by the spikes affect the harvest. Jade 12 According to the semi-compact type of this plant type, strong growth potential, large leaves, and high plant and ear position characteristics, the following planting techniques are developed for reference by farmers: 1. Choose to grow the best in land with medium soil fertility; 2. Timely sowing (refer to Kitayu 2); 3. The planting density per acre is controlled between 3000-3500 strains, and the dense plant will become high and easy to lodging; 4. Soil preparation and fertilization technologies are similar to those of Beiyu 2; 5. timely harvest. Dongdan 13 For the compact plant type, thick stems, developed roots, multiple secondary roots, ear length 20 cm, ear thickness 5.6 cm, ear line 16-18 line, is a large ear type, but the plant is high. Based on the above characteristics, the following planting techniques are developed for reference by the farmers: 1. Choose to grow better on land above medium fertility; 2. Timely sowing (similar to the number 2); 3. The planting density per acre is controlled between 2800-3500 strains; 4. Scientific fertilization (similar to Beiyu 2) but it is best to use ternary compound fertilizer, and add 2-3 kg of zinc sulfate per acre; 5. If the occurrence of sheath blight occurs in medium term, 40% carbendazim suspension agent can be used to control 150-200 g of water per mu; 6. Timely harvest. Tai Yu 2 For the plant type semi-compact, plant height 259 centimeters, ear position 99 centimeters, medium resistance to stem rot and large spot disease, flu sickness and corn borer features the following planting techniques for the user's reference: 1. Choose to plant in moderately fertile soil; 2. Timely sowing (same as Bei Yu 2); 3. Seeds should be coated with 12.5% ​​diniconazole wettable powder as far as possible, 5-6 grams per kilogram of seed mix, and disinfected; 4. Proper close planting, the planting density per acre is controlled at 3500-4000 strains; 5. Scientific fertilization is the same as the previous species; 6. When corn grows to 8-10 leaf stage, spray 18% insecticide double, 0.35 kilograms per mu, corn grows to big bell-mouth period, use 18% double insecticide per acre, 0.5 kg mix fine sand 60 kg , Spread to the bell mouth to prevent corn borer; 7. timely harvest. Kawadan 29 According to the plant type, the plant type is loose and the plant height is 245 cm. 106 cm ear, 22-24 cm ear length, 16-18 rows ear line, typical large ear type, good resistance and other characteristics. Formulate the following planting techniques for reference by farmers: 1. Choose to grow better on sunny, high-lying land above medium fertility; 2. Timely sowing (same as Bei Yu 2); 3. The planting density per acre is controlled at 3000-3200 plants, and it is better to adopt the single plant dense planting method, the specification is (10020-23 cm); 4. Scientific fertilization (same as Beiyu 2); 5. timely harvest. Ludan 8 According to the species, the plant is medium-maturing, the plants are neat and the plant type is semi-compact. The average plant height is 253.9 cm and the ear position is 95 cm. With wide adaptability, strong resistance to diseases, and breeding varieties in the province, the following planting techniques are prepared for reference by the breeder: 1. Because it is the province's wide variety of breeding varieties in the province, the soil fertility requirements are not strict, but the best choice for the cultivation of medium-fertility plots is better; 2. Try to use the coating species and require timely sowing (same as Kitayu 2); 3. Proper density planting density per acre can be controlled between 4000-4500 strains; 4. Scientific fertilization (same as Beiyu 2) 5. timely harvest IV. Prevention and treatment of major pests and diseases of corn 1. Corn smut: The spores of the disease lurked in winter in the soil, in the residues of diseased shoots, and in the faeces of livestock. Predominantly invading from the cornea's germinal sheath causes disease. (1) The method of agricultural control is to implement crop rotation, isolate pathogens, and use resistant varieties. Such as: Chuandan 29, Road No. 8, and so on. Rational close planting to improve the onset of the field environment. (2) Chemical control: selection of coated seeds and spraying of 15% triadimefon and thiophanate methyl, 100 g/mu, or 25% 100% before the ear formation period (big bell stage or 11 leaves) Rational, 60-80 grams per mu can play a better preventive effect. 2. Corn rust: 15% triadimefon, 20% thiophanate-methyl, 75% chlorothalonil, 100 g/mu watered. 3. Corn sheath blight: prevention with thiophanate-methyl + carbendazim, five-leaf stage and tasselling stage, respectively.
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