Occurrence and Control of Seedling Diseases of Solanaceous Vegetables in Autumn

In recent years, the area of ​​Qiuyan vegetables in Changfeng County has been expanding year by year, and the area of ​​vegetables in the fall has reached about 10,000 mu this year, and the disease at the seedling stage has also increased. According to the county plant protection station's investigation on the water lake and Xiatang vegetable base on July 14, 2003, tomatoes, eggplant, and pepper were knocked down: the diseased plant rate was generally 8-15% of the plots, and the height was 21%; Disease: The rate of diseased plants is generally 11-16% of the plots, with a high of 18%. Failure to prevent and control in time will cause serious deaths, affecting yield and benefits. One, tomato, eggplant, pepper dampness disease 1, symptoms. Budding occurs in the seedbed. After the seedlings have been unearthed, the true leaves have not yet been unfolded, and they are infected with bacteria, resulting in water-stained dark spots on the stem base of the seedlings. Then, they expand around the stems and gradually fold into thin lines. The upper part of the seedlings collapses to the ground due to loss of supporting ability. . When the humidity of the seedbed is high, a white cotton flocculent line is often densely formed on the surface of the bacteria or the nearby bed. 2, transmission routes and disease conditions. The oocysts are oozing in the soil with oospores in the soil. When the conditions are appropriate, the oospores germinate, the germ tubes are generated, and the buds are directly invaded, or the spore bursa is formed after the top of the bud tube expands. The zoospores were spread by rainwater or irrigation water to the seedlings and invaded from the stems. The incubation period was 1-2 days. When the humidity is high, the sporangia and zoospore produced on the diseased seedlings re-infect the pathogen, which is optimal at 34-36°C, but it can also grow at a low temperature of 8-9°C. The annual Solanaceae seedbed in mid-July of our county is Easy to get sick. Second, tomato, eggplant, pepper Blight 1. Symptoms: freshly emerged seedlings and large seedlings can be the disease. The base of the diseased seedlings turns brown, the posterior diseased part contracts, and the stems and leaves wilted and wilted; the seedlings are wilted during the day and recover at night. When the lesions circumnavigate the stems one week, the seedlings gradually wither, but this is not an important difference in damping off. feature. 2, transmission routes and disease conditions. With mycelium or sclerotium in the soil in winter, and can be rot in the soil for 2-3 years. Mycelium can directly invade the host and spread through water currents and agricultural tools. The germ development is suitable for temperature 24°C, maximum 40-42°C, lowest 13-15°C, and suitable pH 3-9.5. Seeding is too dense and the seedlings are not timely. Excessive temperatures can easily induce the disease. Third, tomato, eggplant, pepper damping-off and damping-batch control methods Spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% calcium chloride and other seedlings can enhance resistance to disease. Use seed weight 0.2% of 40% seed dressing double or 32% mycobacterial enemy wettable powder dressing. Seedbed soil treatment can be used alone 40% seed dressing double powder, can also be used 40% chloronitrobenzene and Fumei double 1:1 mixture, 8 grams per square meter bed application. At the beginning of the disease, 72.2% Preclosure 400 times solution can be used, and 2-3 liters per square meter of spray solution can be used. It is also possible to use 15% Hymex Agent 450 times. When damping-off and damping-blight occur in a mixed manner, 72.2% Precloxone 800 times solution plus 50% thiram WP can spray 800 times, 2-3 liters per square meter, depending on the condition 7-10 days 1 time, continuous prevention and treatment 2-3 times.

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