Cultivation Technique of Small Watermelon in Early Spring

Small watermelon has the advantages of beautiful appearance, small size, sweet taste, tender meat, and portability, and is well received by consumers. Its price is more than 1 times higher than that of ordinary watermelon, and the economic benefits are considerable. In recent years, it has become one of the high-efficiency agricultural projects, and the development is very rapid. The early spring arch shed cultivation techniques are described below. I. Variety selection: Early spring cultivation generally chooses early-maturing, disease-resistant, high-yield, and high-quality varieties. Currently, there are many popularized and popularized products include: Red Jade, Te Xiaofeng, Black Beauty, Early Spring Red Jade, Xiaoyu, Yangchun, Nabit And spring light and so on. Second, the gargle arrangements: 1. Early spring large arch shed cultivation. It is the main cultivation method of small watermelon. It is covered with multiple layers of small arches and mulch in the arch shed to increase ground temperature and temperature. Appropriate sowing date in the middle and late January, planting in early March, beginning in mid-May, can be more results, high yield. 2. Spring small shed cultivation. Seed sowing in late February, planting in late March, and collecting in mid-June. Harvested late, but the cost is low. Third, nurturing strong seedlings: The rootstock gourd soaked seed germination after sowing in nutrient pods or trays, about 7 days after the gourd seedlings separated, true leaves have been revealed, the watermelon seeds germination sowing. The first true leaves of gourd seedlings were unfolded. When the true leaves of watermelon were exposed, the grafting method was the most suitable. After 20-30 days, grafted shoots can be planted when they have 2-3 true leaves. Fourth, timely planting: 1. Shizu base fertilizer. Small watermelons have high planting densities, and they have many triplicate times, long harvesting periods, and require large amounts of fertilizers. Therefore, basal and ostriches should be highly valued, such as maintaining the balance of water and nutrients during growth. In general, organic fertilizer is applied at 6 cubic meters per 667 square meters, and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. The method is to open the ditch at an average spacing of 2.0-2.25 meters, with a groove width of 50 cm and a depth of 40 cm. Fill the half of the excavated land first half, apply 70% of the organic fertilizer, mix and mix thoroughly, and pour the water. The remaining soil is backfilled 2/3, and the remaining 30% of the organic fertilizer is applied, mixed and then watered, and the drenching level shall prevail. Then the ternary compound fertilizer was sprinkled into and turned evenly. The ridge was 15 cm high along the midline along the middle of the ridge and the ridge was covered with a film shed to prepare for planting. 2. Proper dense planting. The small watermelon has a small plant shape and leaves, small melons, and light weight. Therefore, in order to achieve high yield and high efficiency, the density should generally be increased by 800 plants per 667 m2, three vine prunings, and 2400 vines per 667 m2. . When planting, open the hole on the mulch by the spacing of 40 cm. After the seedlings are planted, pour in small leeches through the hole, close the hole after water infiltration, cover the shed film, and then cover the other layers in the afternoon to maintain the night temperature. Fifth, field management: 1. Temperature, light management. Slow seedlings require higher temperatures, which should be maintained around 30°C during the day, 15°C at night, and no lower than 10°C. The arch shed is covered with a film at night. After sunrise, the film is removed from the outside and the inside, and covered in layers from the inside to the outside in the afternoon. Even though the temperature of the small arch shed is rising after the planting, it should also be covered with cold insulation during the winter. Keep the seedlings at 22-25°C during the day after the seedlings have settled. If the temperature exceeds 30°C, ventilation should be carried out and keep at least 12°C during the night. During the fruiting period, South Africa needs a higher temperature, which is maintained at 30-32°C during the day and correspondingly increased at night to facilitate floral development, pollination and fruit development. With the increase of outside air temperature, when multiple layers of coverage are required, the film should be gradually removed from the inside to the outside to facilitate the lighting in the shed. 2. Reasonable pruning. Three vine pruning is adopted, that is, in addition to the main vine, at the base of the vine, another two vinegars of Jian Lai are retained, and the son vine and the Sun vine that occur before the rest of the vines and the fruit set are removed. 3. Promote fruit setting. Small watermelons should be artificially assisted in pollination when female flowers are suitable for opening. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, the pollination effect is better under the conditions of low temperature and low light in the early stage. In the case of continuous rain and no pollen, you can use the guarana and other hormones to promote fruit setting, and correctly grasp its appropriate concentration and use method, otherwise it is easy to cause deformity, cracking fruit and so on. It is advisable to retain the main vine or the second and third male flowers on the lateral vine, so that the fruit growth will occupy more leaf area. In general, the first and second crops of melon leave 2-3 melons per plant, although the number of melons is later, but the fruit is small and not neat. 4. Fertilizer management. After filling the bottom water, applying basic fertilizer, and reusing long-lasting organic fertilizer, the head melon should not be watered or top-dressed in principle before harvest. If there is insufficient water, it should be supplemented before or after the expansion.

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