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Biogas hatching technology
Biogas hatching is the use of the heat released from the combustion of biogas, and artificially controlled techniques for egg hatching. At present, besides chickens, biogas hatching technology can be used, as well as ducks and quails, which are similar in technology. The incubation of chickens is used as an example to introduce the technology of biogas hatching chickens. Biogas hatching has the advantages of simple operation, safety, high hatching rate, low cost, etc. It is very suitable for small-scale (less than 1000) farmers. 1 cubic meter of biogas can incubate 475 eggs, gas incubators consume 30 to 40 liters per hour, and fertilized eggs hatch rate is over 90%. Biogas hatching has an increase of 5% to 15% in the hatching rate of electricity and oil, saving 12.5 kwh per 100 eggs, or saving 3 kg of fuel. First, pre-hatch preparation 1, built a hatching room: hatching room should be ventilated, sunny, warm, moderate width, ease of operation. To clean and disinfect with quicklime. Existing housing can also be used instead. Incubation room temperature should be increased to 20 °C ~ 24 °C. 2. Making incubator box: The incubator box is made of wood or fiberboard. The dimensions of the empty space are 60 centimeters, 60 centimeters and 110 centimeters in length, width and height. Made of sandwich, sandwich filled with wood chips and other insulation materials. Doors need to be flat, sealed, and flexible to open. The insulation measures are the same as those of the cabinet. Can also be made into a single layer, wrapped with old cotton wool and other insulation materials. Inside the box, press 18 cm to make a 6-layer egg tray. The egg tray is made of wood and the iron net is nailed at the bottom. It can also be made of iron wire. It is advisable that the mesh is not leaky. Each of the upper, middle, and lower parts of the box is worn with a small eye and three thermometers are inserted. 3, hatching stove: built biogas stoves, stoves to be smooth, solid and safe, configure a diameter of 57 cm iron pot, the cooker under the biogas stove, gas pipeline to be standardized, reasonable, flexible switch, closed. II. Incubation Management 1. Egg Treatment: Select fresh, smooth eggshell, uniform size, oval-shaped clean eggs, wash, and soak in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution at 35°C to 40°C for 10 minutes. . 2. Plate: Drain the sterilized eggs and place them in trays. Half a day in advance to 20 °C ~ 24 °C incubator preheating, and then into the incubator, pay attention to the chassis without egg. 3, warming: ignite biogas furnace, burning pot, pan temperature rise, increase the temperature of the incubator. After warming, the incubator should be monitored and managed for 24 hours, and the tank temperature should be controlled as follows: early (1 to 10 days) 38.5 to 39.5°C; medium (11 to 16 days) 38 to 38.5°C; late (17) ~21 days) 37°C to 38°C. 4, adjust the plate turn the eggs: When entering the incubator, the box temperature is the next high and low, so it should be turned every 4 to 6 hours 1 egg, its method is to swap the disk up and down, before and after the change of each egg position. By turning the plate, the eggs are subjected to the same temperature and the shells are uniform. 5, master the humidity: air humidity has a great impact on embryonic development. Humidity is too high, it will block the moisture in the egg from evaporating and affect the development of the embryo. The chicken will enlarge after the hatch. If the humidity is too low, the water in the egg will evaporate too quickly, and the embryo will develop too fast. The body is thin after the shell. The chicks in both cases are not likely to survive. Incubation humidity should be controlled at about 60% in the early stage, about 55% in the middle stage, and about 70% in the latter stage. When chicks hatch out, they must pay strict attention to temperature and humidity. If the humidity is not enough, increase the water tray at the bottom of the box. 6, according to the egg: Incubation must be according to the egg 3 times: the first time (the first 5 to 6 days), can clearly see the eye, cried. At this time, the scope of blood vessel distribution has been quite large, indicating normal development; otherwise it is not normal, and it will be picked out. On the second (10th to 11th days), the blood vessels were observed to be distributed throughout the egg and the heads were closed, indicating that the temperature was normal; if they were closed earlier, the temperature was higher; otherwise, the temperature was low, and the temperature should be adjusted in time. , otherwise it will affect the hatching rate and the rate of hatching. The third time in the first hatching day. At this time, the eggs are out of the air and they are all black. This is called closing the door. If the door is closed in advance, the temperature is too high and the temperature should be lowered; Third, pay attention to matters 1, from the ignition temperature to the first 13 days (or 14 days), must be continuous combustion of biogas furnace, without interruption. If biogas is insufficient, it must be supplemented with other energy sources. 2. After hatching, the chicks should be kept at a constant temperature of 32°C for 3 days in order to enhance the resilience of chicks and increase the survival rate.