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Let the beans sit
Bean cultivation can be a real challenge for many growers, especially when it comes to ensuring proper growth and preventing issues like poor flowering or premature dropping. Why is this happening? Experts from Shouguang City in Shandong Province have analyzed the common problems and provided practical recommendations to help improve bean production.
First, it's crucial to manage planting density correctly. When the bean seedlings have just opened their leaves, this is the best time to establish a healthy stand. The recommended row spacing is typically 60 cm for narrow rows and 80 cm for wide rows, with plant height ranging from 1.8 to 2 meters. The wider the rows, the more space should be given between plants—around 45 cm apart, usually two plants per spot. If the density is too high, the plants may grow excessively without producing much yield.
Second, temperature management plays a key role. Beans prefer a moderate temperature range of 20°C to 25°C. During the flowering stage, maintaining a good day-night temperature difference is essential. The ideal daytime temperature should not exceed 30°C, while nighttime temperatures should stay around 18°C. Growers should adjust their harvesting times accordingly, as higher temperatures may require delaying the harvest. The optimal temperature for flowering is when the temperature reaches 17°C, which helps ensure better flower set and fruit development.
Third, light conditions are important, even though beans don’t require strict daylight hours. They do need adequate light intensity, especially during flowering and pod-setting stages. Insufficient light can lead to poor flower development and reduced yields.
Fourth, soil moisture and nutrient balance must be carefully managed. Watering should be done according to the soil’s needs, with three key watering stages throughout the growing season: the first after planting, the second when vines reach about 60 cm, and the third before the first flowering. Watering during the flowering period should be avoided, as it can reduce fruit set. Instead, apply a flower and fruit protection agent along with irrigation to enhance productivity. After the pods begin to form, a light watering can help them expand properly. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer should be avoided, as it can delay flowering and promote excessive vine growth. Instead, increasing phosphate fertilizer supports root nodules and improves the plant’s ability to fix nitrogen.
By following these expert tips, growers can significantly improve their bean yields and overall crop quality.