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Cocoon rice "Three insects a disease"
In recent weeks, the "three pests and one disease" affecting rice in our city have shown a significant outbreak. The current infestation levels are as follows: the 4th generation of rice planthoppers is at level 5, the 2nd generation of rice leafhoppers is at level 2, the 4th generation of rice leaf rollers is at level 5, and the occurrence of rice stem borers is at level 4.
Currently, the pest situation is quite severe, particularly with the rice planthopper population. According to data from the Plant Protection Station, the number of insects that moved into the fields between September 11 and September 19 reached 9,687, which is 230.6 times higher than the same period last year. On July 15-16, the number of adult insects under the light trap was 8,147, indicating a peak migration period. During the citywide survey on July 18-19, the average number of nymphs per mu was 747.1, with 25.6% of the fields having more than 1,000 nymphs. Field inspections showed an average of 100 long-winged adults, 59 short-winged adults, and 190 senior nymphs. Egg counts were extremely high, with some fields reaching over 10,000 eggs per mu. It is expected that the 4th generation of rice planthoppers will reach their peak in the early nymph stage between July 28 and August 1.
Regarding the second generation of rice leafhoppers, the fixed-point survey by the Municipal Plant Protection Station indicated that the total egg count per mu reached over 720 by July 20. The second peak of hatching is expected between July 27 and August 1. If control measures are not effective, the infestation rate could reach 25–40%.
The rice leaf roller population is also increasing. A citywide survey found an average of 104 heads per mu, with 24.42 roundworms and 3.9 live insects. The field contains larvae in 2–5 instars, along with adults, showing a serious overlap of generations. Under the light trap, the cumulative moth count in mid-July was 167, which is 23.9 times higher than the same period last year. The settlement peak is evident, and it is expected that late July will be the peak for this pest.
As for the rice neck blast, the forecast predicts a moderate to heavy occurrence, ranging from level 3 to 4. With the current mid-season rice in the booting stage and most varieties being susceptible to the disease, the rainy weather has contributed to a heavier outbreak, especially in mountainous areas.
To address these issues, several key measures have been implemented:
1. Urgent action has been taken, with a dedicated team formed to promote awareness and coordinate efforts to combat the "three pests and one disease" across the region.
2. The machine defense organization has been strengthened, with unified deployment and resource concentration to ensure continuous and coordinated prevention and control.
3. The planned prevention and treatment period is from July 28 to August 1, covering all mid-season rice fields in the city.
4. Specific pesticide formulations have been recommended:
- For fields not previously treated with Frantgett: 80% Ruijinte 2g + 25% Chuanshanling 25g + 48% Le Siben (chlorpyrifos) 40ml + Ina 50g per mu.
- For fields already treated with Frantgett: 70ml of insect killer (or 90ml of barrier or 50g of special killing) + 25% Sandi Puro Ling 50g (or 25% Chuanshanling 25g) + 48% Le Siben (chlorpyrifos) 40ml + 50g of rice per mu.
All formulations must be mixed with existing products, using 50kg of water per mu. Top spray should be applied, and machine spraying must use at least 30kg of water per mu to ensure proper coverage.
It is crucial to raise awareness and effectively manage diseases during the rice earing stage. Due to the current climate conditions, the risk of rice diseases in later stages is expected to be higher. There may be a 3-level outbreak of rice smut, 4-level late-maturing varieties, and 3–4-level late rice syndrome. Some plots may show poor results due to low-quality pesticides or improper application. To prevent reoccurrence, especially in wet or shaded fields, the following steps are recommended:
1. Rice smut disease: Apply Jinggangmycin (2 bags) plus Ai Miao (1 bag) twice during the early flowering stage.
2. Sheath blight: Apply 50g of Jinggangmycin per mu on July 11–15, and repeat if necessary between July 28 and August 1.
3. Late rice syndrome: With increased rainfall from late July to early August, there is a higher risk of cloud-shaped disease and brown leaf blight. The same treatment as for smut can be used.
These measures are essential to ensure effective pest and disease control, safeguarding the rice crop and ensuring a successful harvest.