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Special wild boar breeding
The special wild boar is a selectively bred variety that has been domesticated and enhanced through careful genetic selection. This breed exhibits stable genetic traits and holds great potential for future development, making it an attractive option for farmers and livestock enthusiasts.
**1. Economic Value**
Special wild boars retain the natural advantages of high lean meat content, strong adaptability, and a distinct wild flavor. They have overcome traditional challenges associated with wild sows, such as difficulty in surviving during the spring breeding season and adapting to captivity. These animals are known for their rich aroma and "wild taste," which makes them highly desirable in premium markets.
They are nutritionally dense, with a significantly higher lean meat percentage and lower fat content compared to regular pigs. The fat in their hind legs is only half that of domestic pigs. Additionally, they contain 17 essential amino acids, including linoleic acid (C18-2), which is present at 2.5 times the level found in domestic pigs. Linoleic acid is considered one of the most important and essential fatty acids for human health, playing a key role in growth, development, and overall well-being.
Experts from scientific institutions have recognized the health benefits of special wild boars, noting their high levels of linoleic and linolenic acids. These compounds make them a promising new source of functional food, with potential benefits in reducing blood fat and preventing conditions like coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular sclerosis.
**2. Biological Characteristics**
Newborn special wild boar piglets often display distinctive streaks on their skin. As they mature, their coat turns black or reddish-brown, with small ears and a shorter tail compared to domestic pigs. Their muzzles are longer, and their hair is denser. Their hooves are black, and while they are generally calm, the males tend to be more active than domestic pigs.
In terms of size, special wild boars are about 10% heavier than domestic pigs for the same volume, with a lean meat ratio that is 53.5% higher. They have a smaller back and less fat—only 1/6 of that found in domestic pigs. These animals can eat raw food, have smaller heads and bellies, and consume only about 1/3 of the feed that domestic pigs require.
They are social animals with strong resistance to roughage and disease. They reproduce more frequently, giving birth 2.25 to 2.5 times per year, making them a highly efficient breed for commercial farming.
**3. Feeding and Management Techniques**
(1) **Housing Design**: The pens should be divided into two sections: an inner area for feeding and resting, and an outer area for exercise, sun exposure, and water access. The inner compartment should measure approximately 3.5 meters long by 2.5 meters wide, while the outer area should be 1.5 times larger. Both areas should be paved with cement mortar but not too smooth, with a slight slope to allow urine drainage and easy cleaning.
A passage should be built 1.2 meters away from the outer enclosure, allowing boars to move between different nests for breeding purposes before returning to their original space.
(2) **Feed Formula**: A balanced diet includes 12% corn flour, 20% wheat bran, 8% soybean meal or bean dregs, 22% sanqiban, 0.5% bone meal, 15–40g of amino acids per day, 0.5% iodized salt, and 15% green feed. This combination ensures optimal growth and health.
(3) **Disease Prevention and Treatment**:
- **Swine Fever**: Administer 5ml of anti-pig fever serum via intramuscular injection, twice daily for 3–4 days.
- **Swine Lung Disease**: Use 1.8 million units of penicillin or 5ml of ofloxacin intramuscularly twice daily for 3 days.
- **Erysipelas (Hot Stamp)**: Inject 40,000 U of penicillin deep into the muscle, twice daily, every 3–5 days. Rubbing the pig’s body with thick soap bubbles can also help alleviate symptoms.
By following these practices, farmers can successfully raise special wild boars, benefiting from their unique characteristics and economic value.