Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Sterilizer Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Sterilizer,Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection Machine,Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilizer,Anesthesia Machine Ventilator JIANGSU JIANLAIBANG MEDICAL EOUIPMENT CO.,LTD , https://www.jsjlbmed.com
Cultivation Techniques of Cabbage Vegetables in Early Spring
In early spring, vegetable cultivation primarily takes place in large and medium-sized greenhouses, making it crucial to master key growing techniques. Proper management at each stage ensures healthy growth and high yield.
First, seed treatment is essential for successful germination. Selecting high-quality seeds and preparing them properly can significantly improve the chances of a strong start. The process involves soaking and germination treatment.
(1) Soaking: Start by soaking the seeds in warm water (55–60°C) for 15 minutes, stirring continuously. Then transfer them to water at 28–30°C and let them soak for approximately 6 hours. This helps to soften the seed coat and promote faster germination.
(2) Germination: After soaking, place the seeds in a damp cloth and keep them at 25–30°C during the day and 18–20°C at night. Monitor the seeds closely, and once about 80% of them have sprouted and turned white, they are ready for sowing in sunny conditions.
Next comes the sowing and seedling stage. For watermelon, it's best to sow in mid-February before the electric hot season begins. Other crops like melons, pumpkins, cucumbers, gourds, and loofahs should be sown according to their specific requirements.
Seedling care is critical. Before sowing, the soil in the seedbed must be disinfected. A common mixture includes five generations of soil, Wufu mix, or a combination of seedling soil with Fumei double. Apply 50–80g per cubic meter to prevent damping-off and blight. Water the seedbed thoroughly before sowing.
After sowing, cover the bed with fine soil and mulch film, and set up a small arch shed with a grass curtain to protect against cold. Maintain an internal temperature of 20–25°C. Ensure adequate light, proper moisture, and regular ventilation to promote healthy seedling growth. When the seedlings have 1–2 true leaves, transplant them into nutrient-rich pots, maintaining proper temperature and humidity to grow strong seedlings.
Field management includes careful control of water and fertilizer. Initially, avoid overwatering and apply diluted manure water (500–700kg per mu) after seedlings have been established. During flowering and fruit setting, apply a top dressing with 20kg of urea or 15kg of ammonium phosphate per mu. During harvest, fertilize and water regularly—once per week. In the full fruiting stage, increase frequency, applying fertilizer and water every 3–4 days.
Plant adjustment is also important. For melon vegetables, the main vine is usually used, either as a single or double vine system. The single-leaf method removes all side vines, leaving only the main vine, while the double vine method allows one vigorous side vine to grow alongside the main one.
Artificial pollination improves fruit setting and yield. It should be done around 9:00 am on sunny days to maximize effectiveness.
Pest and disease control is another vital aspect. At the seedling stage, damping-off and blight are common. Prevent these by disinfecting the soil, avoiding overcrowding, and managing temperature and humidity. If needed, use fungicides such as 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution or 70% mancozeb at 500 times.
For underground pests like cutworms, treat the soil with 80% dichlorvos at 1000 times dilution. Use bait made from 80% dichlorvos or 50% phoxim mixed with bean curd to control infestations.
During the growing season, several diseases may occur. Anthracnose can be controlled with alternating applications of 70% mancozeb at 400 times and 75% chlorothalonil at 500 times. Botrytis can be managed with clotrimazole or fast keratin. Downy mildew requires 72.2% Prokary or 40% Ethylphosphine Aluminum. Powdery mildew can be treated with 15% powder rust or 75% chlorothalonil. Fusarium wilt can be addressed with carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl. Root tuberculosis can be controlled with pentachloronitrobenzene or quintoline.
For Huang Shougua, monitor the topsoil near the roots and use lime, sawdust, or ash to reduce adult damage. Treat adults with 48% Loxen or 90% dipterex, and control larvae with 90% trichlorfon.
Root knot nematodes can be managed using 50% phoxim, 80% dichlorvos, or 90% trichlorfon, applied at 0.25–0.5 kg per plant.
Proper attention to each stage of growth ensures a successful early spring vegetable harvest.