Over the past few years, the economic benefits of yellow ginger cultivation have become increasingly significant, and the industry has experienced rapid growth. With the expansion of planting areas, more land has been transitioned from wild to centralized farming. As a result, the occurrence of diseases and pests has become more common. The main diseases observed include root rot, anthracnose, and other epidemics. In terms of pests, underground insects such as beetles and groundhoppers are the most problematic, while leaf surface pests are easier to manage and cause less damage. Additionally, weeds pose a challenge in yellow ginger cultivation, with Jiang Nong being particularly harmful to the crop.

Currently, we will focus on the prevention and control of root rot. This disease is primarily caused by *Fusarium* species. The infection usually starts at the junction between the roots and the stems. Affected areas turn dark brown, slightly sunken, and may crack, allowing the pathogen to penetrate deeper into the plant tissue. The main stem's roots can become completely rotted, leading to the entire plant wilting. In wet conditions, pinkish moldy material may appear on the infected parts. The pathogen can survive for long periods in both the plant debris and the soil. It spreads through rainwater and irrigation, entering through wounds or natural openings in the plant.

To effectively prevent and manage root rot, the following measures are recommended:

(1) Promptly remove and destroy infected plants. Ensure that all farmyard manure is fully composted before use.

(2) Seed treatment: Soak seeds in a 500-fold dilution of 20% *Bacillus subtilis* solution for 20 minutes before sowing.

(3) Soil treatment: After preparing the planting furrows, apply well-rotted farmyard manure and mix it with 2–3 kg of dexamethasone or 3 kg of anti-wilting fungicide per mu. Combine this with fine soil to create a healthy growing environment, which helps reduce pathogen levels in the soil and lowers the risk of disease later in the season.

(4) Field management during the growing period: During the disease outbreak period, irrigate the roots with a 500–700-fold dilution of 20% *Bacillus subtilis* (Thiococcus). Apply the treatment every 7–10 days, and stop once frost begins.

This information was compiled based on training materials provided by the Agricultural Bureau of Shiyan City, Hubei Province.

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