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Winter sheep management methods
In winter, the climate turns cold, the grass becomes coarse and less nutritious, making it difficult for flocks to find sufficient food. Sheep face significant challenges during winter grazing, especially because many of them are pregnant and require extra nutrients not only for their own survival but also for the development of their unborn lambs. Grazing alone is often insufficient to meet these needs, so supplemental feeding becomes essential.
During early winter, there are still plenty of dry grasses available, and the weather isn’t yet extremely harsh. After the sun sets behind the hills, sheep can graze in the late afternoon, continuing until the herds return at night. This allows the flock to remain well-fed and maintain good health. However, as snow accumulates, especially on shaded slopes, pasture becomes scarce. In such cases, sheep should be moved to sunny slopes or high, wind-dried grasslands. It's important to avoid areas where wind and snow make grazing impossible, even if the sheep are not eating enough—supplementary feeding must be provided promptly. Delaying feed can lead to rapid weight loss and health issues.
The feeding period typically lasts from early November to May of the following year. During this time, two supplementary feedings are usually given daily—one before morning grazing and one after returning from the evening grazing. After each autumn, sheep owners should prepare adequate amounts of hay, green fodder, silage, and mineral supplements based on the number of sheep in their flock. The feeding strategy involves first offering hay, then adding juicy feeds and silage. Minerals can be mixed into the forage. The quantity of feed should be calculated based on the number of sheep, the duration of grazing, and the nutritional value they gain from the pastures, ensuring that any shortfall is compensated with additional nutrition.
Transitioning from grazing to supplemental feeding, or moving entirely to a feeding system, requires a gradual adaptation period of about 10 days. The process involves gradually reducing grazing time while increasing the amount of feed given in the morning and evening, allowing the sheep to adjust comfortably. At the start of the feeding period, high-quality hay should be offered, and once the animals are used to it, the quality can be adjusted to prevent sudden drops in nutrition. Proper adaptation helps the sheep adjust to being housed, reducing the risk of digestive problems and other diseases that could cause economic losses. After feeding, maintaining cleanliness, proper ventilation, and controlled exercise is crucial to ensure the health of the flock and successful lambing.