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Soybean scientific fertilization method
To address the issues of low organic fertilizer use, lack of rhizobia inoculation, and insufficient attention to essential trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, and molybdenum in soybean cultivation, a scientifically balanced fertilization strategy was implemented. This approach included the application of organic manure combined with rhizobia inoculation to enhance nitrogen fixation. For soils lacking specific micronutrients, targeted trace element fertilizers were applied to ensure optimal plant growth.
Before transplanting, 100% of organic and phosphate fertilizers were mixed into the soil as a base, along with 50% of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Additional fertilizers were incorporated during the transplanting process to improve soil fertility. At the seedling stage, 30% of the nitrogen and potassium were applied as a top dressing. During flowering, another 20% of nitrogen and potassium were added by digging furrows between the rows at a depth of 15–20 cm and then covering the fertilizer with soil.
The recommended organic fertilizer rate is 2000 kg per mu. For nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the amounts vary based on yield levels: if the yield is below 150 kg per mu, apply 8 kg of nitrogen, 4 kg of phosphate, and 5 kg of potash. If the yield is between 150–200 kg per mu, use 7 kg of nitrogen, 3.5 kg of phosphate, and 4.5 kg of potash. For yields above 200 kg per mu, apply 6 kg of nitrogen, 3 kg of phosphate, and 4 kg of potash.
Soybean seeds were also coated with rhizobial cultures before sowing to promote better nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Additionally, 50–100 kg of calcium fertilizer per mu was applied to correct deficiencies. In soils deficient in boron or molybdenum, foliar sprays of 0.1% borax and ammonium molybdate were applied during the seedling and early flowering stages to ensure proper nutrient uptake and plant development. This comprehensive approach ensures that soybean crops receive all necessary nutrients for high yield and quality.