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Money Turtle Culture Technology
**Money Turtle Culture Technology**
The money turtle holds significant economic value, and after years of research and practice, a solid foundation of both theoretical knowledge and practical experience has been established in its breeding. Although this industry is still relatively young, it has already achieved remarkable results, providing reliable support for professional breeding. With technical assistance, China's turtle conservation efforts are set to reach a new level.
**First, the Design of the Turtle Pond**
In nature, the weather is unpredictable, yet turtles have adapted well to varying environmental conditions. They thrive in their natural habitat, where they enjoy freedom of movement, access to food, and a stress-free life, which contributes to their overall health and low incidence of disease. To replicate this environment, turtle ponds must be designed with proper ventilation and space, mimicking natural conditions as closely as possible.
Many turtles fail to lay eggs if they cannot find suitable spots. For example, in areas without rain, the eggs tend to be soft and unviable. Similarly, in places without sunlight, hatching success is low. Therefore, the pond design should include shaded areas, sunlit zones, and appropriate humidity levels to encourage successful breeding.
Currently, the most effective pond design is a 5-meter-long by 3.5-meter-wide rectangular pool. The walls are constructed with bricks and cement, and the bottom and sides are tiled to prevent leaks and protect the turtles from injuries. The pool is divided into three sections: one-third for water, one-third for land, and one-third for the nesting area.
The water section is sloped to allow turtles to easily move between land and water, with drain holes at the end for cleaning. The land portion includes a sinking basin with surrounding space for turtle activity. The final third of the land is raised with a mix of fine sand and soft soil, creating an ideal spawning ground for female turtles. Sheds are installed over the pond to provide shade, ensuring good airflow and avoiding direct sunlight, which can stress the turtles.
Additionally, the area around the pond should be landscaped with trees and flowers to create a quiet, natural environment. Regular disinfection is essential, and visitor access should be limited to prevent contamination and disturbance.
**Second, Breeding Density**
For a standard 5x3.5 meter pond, it is recommended to keep 3–6 adult turtles per square meter, allowing for about 50–100 money turtles. However, the exact number may vary depending on the size and age of the turtles.
**Third, Feeding Turtles**
Under controlled conditions, the main diet consists of fresh animal-based foods such as clams, minced meat, small fish, shrimp, and beef, combined with plant-based feed in a ratio of 3:1 or 4:1. Feed once daily.
Money turtles do not chew their food; instead, they swallow it whole. Therefore, the food should be mixed into pellets. On average, each 500g of turtle consumes about 15g of food daily. During warmer months, feeding can be increased, while in colder months, especially during hibernation, feeding decreases or stops altogether.
Daily cleanup is essential to maintain clean water and prevent pollution, which can negatively affect turtle health.
**Closed-Shell Turtle Breeding Status and Issues to Watch Out For**
Closed-shell turtles are a unique group of reptiles, primarily found in East and Southeast Asia. There are seven species globally, all native to Asia, with five of them exclusively found in China. These species, such as the golden-headed box turtle, are considered national treasures due to their rarity and high ornamental value.
The golden-headed box turtle, discovered in 1988, is highly sought after for its golden coloration and limited distribution. It has become a favorite among collectors, especially in Japan and the U.S., driving up its market price and sparking interest in artificial breeding. However, only a few farms breed them annually, and challenges remain, including a low number of species and a shortage of males.
While China has a long history of turtle breeding, modern artificial breeding of rare species like closed-shell turtles is still in its early stages, with limited experience and techniques available.
**1. Selecting the Right Species**
With seven species of shell turtles, selecting the right one for breeding is crucial. While all species have ecological importance, economic returns differ. The golden-headed box turtle is currently the most popular, followed by the three-lined and Pan’s turtles. Farmers often choose species based on market demand and growth potential.
**2. Species Identification**
Correct identification is vital to avoid misrepresentation and ensure profitability. Some common species, like the yellow-edged box turtle, are often mistaken for rarer ones, leading to fraud. Proper knowledge and verification are essential to prevent losses.
**3. Feeding Methods**
Turtle farming can be done either with or without heating during winter. Using warming methods can accelerate growth and lead to quicker profits, making it a popular choice among breeders.
Overall, the future of turtle breeding lies in sustainable practices, accurate species management, and continuous improvement of breeding techniques. With proper care and knowledge, the industry can thrive while protecting these valuable animals.