Cosmetic raw materical Ectoin,Ectoin skincare,Ectoin Powder,Nmnh Dihydro Nicotinamide Xi'an Sentian Biotechnology Co., Ltd. , https://www.sentianbio.com
Duck Pond High-yielding Technology
Duck ponds can yield 180 to 200 kg of fish per 667 square meters (1 mu) of water without the need for additional feed or fertilizer. This method not only increases fish production but also improves the efficiency of resource use in aquaculture.
First, selecting the right water surface is crucial. Ponds with a surface area of at least 1333 square meters (2 mu), with a depth of over 1 meter, and two-year-old fish ponds are ideal for integrating ducks and fish. For ponds with loose soil, sand, or newly dug areas, slope protection should be installed to prevent erosion. Small, shallow ponds (less than 1 meter deep) are unsuitable because ducks may stir up the mud, leading to fish suffocation and increased mortality.
Second, feeding methods vary. One approach is grazing, where ducks are allowed to roam freely on the pond's surface and are returned to the shed in the evening. This method is efficient for large-scale farming and helps reduce feed costs, though it has limited impact on fish growth. Another method involves raising ducks outside the pond, with a nearby shed, an activity area, and a small pool. Duck droppings and leftover feed from the area are washed into the pond, making management easier. A third and more sustainable method is polyculture, where a duck house is built on the pond’s dike, and part of the pond serves as an activity area. This system maximizes the ecological benefits of mutualism between ducks and fish, making it a widely used technique globally.
Third, proper stocking density is essential. It is recommended to keep around 100 ducks per 667 square meters of water, increasing to over 200 if using a grazing system. The fish species should primarily include filter feeders like oysters, clams, tilapia, and squid, while avoiding grass carp, silver carp, or herring. Stocking more than 250 fish per 667 square meters can lead to a significant drop in fish yield. Each duck contributes about 40–50 kg of fish annually, and their waste provides 4–5 tons of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, enriching the pond and promoting plankton growth. In duck-fish ponds, eel and squid can be stocked at 50–75 kg per 667 square meters, with approximately 1,000–1,500 fish.
Lastly, effective management is key. To streamline duck control, old nets or screens can be used to create a designated activity area within the pond. Keeping 2–4 ducks per square meter of water is ideal. The net height should be 40–50 cm above the water level, allowing fish to move freely and reducing losses from small fish nesting. Ducks are released in the morning, and after laying eggs, their droppings are collected and added to the pond. Water quality and oxygen levels must be monitored regularly. During summer, when duck waste increases, water should be refreshed, and fertilizer amounts reduced to avoid over-enrichment.